Mechanical strength vs. degradation of a biologically-derived surgical mesh over time in a rodent full thickness abdominal wall defect

Abstract The use of synthetic surgical mesh materials has been shown to decrease the incidence of hernia recurrence, but can be associated with undesirable effects such as infection, chronic discomfort, and adhesion to viscera. Surgical meshes composed of extracellular matrix (i.e., biologically-der...

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Published in:	Biomaterials Vol. 108; pp. 81 - 90
Main Authors:	Costa, A, Naranjo, J.D, Turner, N.J, Swinehart, I.T, Kolich, B.D, Shaffiey, S.A, Londono, R, Keane, T.J, Reing, J.E, Johnson, S.A, Badylak, S.F
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2016
Subjects:	14C Isotope Abdominal Injuries - pathology Abdominal Injuries - surgery Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques - instrumentation Absorbable Implants Advanced Basic Science Animals Biologic mesh Biological effects Biological Products - chemistry Bioscaffold remodeling Defects Degradation Dentistry ECM degradation Elastic Modulus Equipment Design Equipment Failure Analysis Extracellular Matrix - chemistry Female Finite element method Herniorrhaphy - instrumentation Herniorrhaphy - methods Mechanical properties Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rodents Strength Stress, Mechanical Surgical Mesh Swine Tensile Strength Treatment Outcome UBM Urinary Bladder - chemistry Viscera Mechanical properties UBM 14C Isotope Biologic mesh ECM degradation Bioscaffold remodeling C Isotope
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Summary:	Abstract The use of synthetic surgical mesh materials has been shown to decrease the incidence of hernia recurrence, but can be associated with undesirable effects such as infection, chronic discomfort, and adhesion to viscera. Surgical meshes composed of extracellular matrix (i.e., biologically-derived mesh) are an alternative to synthetic meshes and can reduce some of these undesirable effects but are less frequently used due to greater cost and perceived inadequate strength as the mesh material degrades and is replaced by host tissue. The present study assessed the temporal association between mechanical properties and degradation of biologic mesh composed of urinary bladder matrix (UBM) in a rodent model of full thickness abdominal wall defect. Mesh degradation was evaluated for non-chemically crosslinked scaffolds with the use of14 C-radiolabeled UBM. UBM biologic mesh was 50% degraded by 26 days and was completely degraded by 90 days. The mechanical properties of the UBM biologic mesh showed a rapid initial decrease in strength and modulus that was not proportionately associated with its degradation as measured by14 C. The loss of strength and modulus was followed by a gradual increase in these values that was associated with the deposition of new, host derived connective tissue. The strength and modulus values were comparable to or greater than those of the native abdominal wall at all time points.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0142-9612 1878-5905
DOI:	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.053