Novel polymorphism of the canine dopamine receptor D4 gene intron II region

Various dog breeds are remarkably different from each other not only in their sizes and shapes but also in behavioral traits, suggesting that some of these characteristics are under genetic control. However, little is known about genes related to behavioral traits in canine species. In humans, it ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Animal science journal Vol. 76; no. 1; pp. 81 - 86
Main Authors:	Nara, H. (Gifu Univ. (Japan)), Inoue Murayama, M, Koshimura, A, Sugiyama, A, Murayama, Y, Maejima, M, Ueda, Y, Ito, H, Randi, E, Kim, H.S, Ha, J.H, Kitagawa, H, Takeuchi, Y, Mori, Y, Iwasaki, T, Morita, M, Ota, K, Ito, S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Science Pty 01-02-2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Subjects:	Animal behavior breed BREEDS (ANIMALS) CANIDAE canine DNA Dogs DOPAMINE dopamine receptor Evolutionary biology GENES GENOTYPES HORMONE RECEPTORS intron II Mutation POLYMORPHISM WOLVES
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Summary:	Various dog breeds are remarkably different from each other not only in their sizes and shapes but also in behavioral traits, suggesting that some of these characteristics are under genetic control. However, little is known about genes related to behavioral traits in canine species. In humans, it has been reported that the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) indudes polymorphism at several regions that relate to personality or psychiatric disorders. In an earlier study by the authors of the present study, the polymorphisms in canine DRD4 exon III and exon I regions were reported. In the present study, a novel polymorphism in canine DRD4 intron II was found based on a 17 base pair insertion/deletion, and the two alleles detected were named P (shorter allele) and Q (longer allele). The allelic distribution in 28 breeds of dog, including a total of 1114 unrelated individuals, were then investigated. Both P and Q alleles were detected in most of the breeds investigated; however, the frequencies of P and Q differed greatly between breeds. With respect to classification based on breed origin, P arid Q alleles were frequent in Occidental and Oriental breeds, respectively. Furthermore, two subspecies of wolves, the ancestors of dogs, were analyzed for the comparison of allele frequencies with dogs, and the P allele was predominant in both European and Chinese wolves.
Bibliography:	2005005126 L50 L10 ark:/67375/WNG-MW0BFV23-L istex:7149F1C05A245CC6E53A72DE28ED25C39308ADDA ArticleID:ASJ241
ISSN:	1344-3941 1740-0929
DOI:	10.1111/j.1740-0929.2005.00241.x