Dynamic of the Soil Microbiota in Short-Term Crop Rotation

Crop rotation is one of the oldest and most effective methods of restoring soil fertility, which declines when the same plant is grown repeatedly. One of the reasons for a reduction in fertility is the accumulation of pathogenic and unfavorable microbiota. The modern crop rotation schemes (a set of...

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Published in:	Life (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 2; p. 400
Main Authors:	Zverev, Aleksei O, Kurchak, Oksana N, Orlova, Olga V, Onishchuk, Olga P, Kichko, Arina A, Eregin, Aleksander V, Naliukhin, Aleksey N, Pinaev, Aleksandr G, Andronov, Evgeny E
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01-02-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	16S rDNA gene sequencing Agricultural practices Agricultural production Agricultural research Barley Biological diversity Cereals Communication Crop rotation Crops Environmental aspects Experiments Fatigue Gene sequencing Grasslands Legumes Methods Microbial activity Microbiota Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) Microorganisms Monoculture Nutrition Phylogenetics Plant species Plants (botany) Productivity rRNA 16S Seeds Soil dynamics soil exhaustion Soil fertility Soil microbiology soil microbiota soil sequencing Soils Russia United States > US soil microbiota soil exhaustion 16S rDNA gene sequencing soil sequencing crop rotation
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Summary:	Crop rotation is one of the oldest and most effective methods of restoring soil fertility, which declines when the same plant is grown repeatedly. One of the reasons for a reduction in fertility is the accumulation of pathogenic and unfavorable microbiota. The modern crop rotation schemes (a set of plant species and their order in the crop rotation) are highly effective but are designed without considering soil microbiota dynamics. The main goal of this study was to perform a short-term experiment with multiple plant combinations to access the microbiological effects of crop rotation. It could be useful for the design of long-term crop rotation schemes that take the microbiological effects of the crop rotation into account. For the analysis, five plants (legumes: vetch, clover, and cereals: oats, wheat, and barley) were used. These five plants were separately grown in pots with soil. After the first phase of vegetation, the plants were removed from the soil and a new crop was planted. Soil samples from all 25 possible combinations of primary and secondary crops were investigated using v4-16S rDNA gene sequencing. It was shown that the short-term experiments (up to 40 days of growing) are effective enough to find microbial shifts in bulk soil from different plants. Both primary and secondary cultures are significant factors for the microbial composition of microbial soil communities. Changes are the most significant in the microbial communities of vetch soils, especially in the case of vetch monoculture. Growing clover also leads to changes in microbiota, especially according to beta-diversity. Data obtained can be used to develop new crop rotation schemes that take into account the microbiological effects of various crops.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2075-1729 2075-1729
DOI:	10.3390/life13020400