Exposure to agricultural pesticides impairs growth, feed utilization and energy budget in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings

Exposure to agricultural pesticides impairs growth, feed utilization and energy budget in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings

The African catfish Clarias gariepinus is a widespread species in the Beninese cotton basin. In this study, the impacts of exposure to agricultural pesticides endosulfan [Thionex 350 EC (emulsifiable concentrate)] and Tihan 175 O-TEQ (oil toxicity equivalent) on growth, feed utilization and energy b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International aquatic research Vol. 6; no. 4; pp. 229 - 243
Main Authors: Agbohessi, Tachégnon Prudencio, Toko, Ibrahim Imorou, N’tcha, Innocent, Geay, Florian, Mandiki, S. N. M., Kestemont, Patrick
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-12-2014
Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Vali abad
Subjects:
Agrochemicals
Aquaria
Aquariums
Aquatic Pollution
Biochemical composition
Boreholes
Catfish
Clarias gariepinus
Cotton
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Efficiency
Endosulfan
Energy budget
Energy demand
Energy reserves
Environment
Exposure
Feed conversion efficiency
Feed efficiency
Feeds
Fingerlings
Fish
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Freshwater fishes
Growth rate
Lethal limits
Marine & Freshwater Sciences
Mortality
Mortality causes
Original Research
Pesticides
Proteins
Survival
Toxicity
Toxicity tests
Utilization
Waste Water Technology
Water
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Weekly
Energy budget
Endosulfan and Tihan
Growth parameters
African catfish
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Summary:The African catfish Clarias gariepinus is a widespread species in the Beninese cotton basin. In this study, the impacts of exposure to agricultural pesticides endosulfan [Thionex 350 EC (emulsifiable concentrate)] and Tihan 175 O-TEQ (oil toxicity equivalent) on growth, feed utilization and energy budget of C. gariepinus were investigated. Fingerlings (1.58 ± 0.02 g) were exposed to borehole water (control), 0.23 ppb (environmental concentration), 440 ppb (Lethal Concentration 50 %/20, LC50/20) and 880 ppb (LC50/10) of Tihan; and to 11 ppb (LC50/20), 22 ppb (LC50/10) and 29.40 ppb (environmental concentration) of Thionex for 28 days. Fish biomass was assessed weekly and fish samples were taken from different aquaria to determine the specific growth rate (effect on growth), feed efficiency rate and protein efficiency ratio (impact on feed utilization), and the biochemical composition of fish (impact on the energy budget). The results showed that endosulfan environmental concentration induced 100 % of mortality in catfish fingerlings while mortality rate was comparable between control fish and Tihan-treated fish over the 28-day period ( p  > 0.05). In contrast to survival, the two pesticide types tested induced a marked decrease in growth only during the first 2 weeks of exposure ( p  < 0.05). The negative impact of endosulfan on growth was associated to a lower feed utilization and protein efficiency compared with control fish or those exposed to Tihan ( p  < 0.05). The energy reserves were more rapidly exhausted in fish exposed to endosulfan to meet energy demand generated by this chemical stressor.
ISSN:2008-4935
2008-6970
DOI:10.1007/s40071-014-0083-5