Characterization and Metabolism of Drug Products Containing the Cocaine-Like New Psychoactive Substances Indatraline and Troparil

With a rising demand of cocaine over the last years, it is likely that unregulated new psychoactive substances with similar effects such as indatraline ((1 ,3 )-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- -methyl-2,3-dihydro-1 -inden-1-amine) and troparil (Methyl (1 ,2 ,3 ,5 )-8-methyl-3-phenyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Metabolites Vol. 14; no. 6; p. 342
Main Authors:	Manier, Sascha K, Mumber, Paula, Zapp, Josef, Eckstein, Niels, Meyer, Markus R
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 18-06-2024 MDPI
Subjects:	Acids Cocaine Dehydrogenases Demethylation Dopamine Drug dosages Drug metabolism Drug overdose HPLC-HRMS/MS Hydroxylation indatraline Metabolism Metabolites new psychoactive substances NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Physiological aspects Psychotropic drugs Serotonin Tropane troparil Urine Germany metabolism troparil indatraline HPLC-HRMS/MS new psychoactive substances
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	With a rising demand of cocaine over the last years, it is likely that unregulated new psychoactive substances with similar effects such as indatraline ((1 ,3 )-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- -methyl-2,3-dihydro-1 -inden-1-amine) and troparil (Methyl (1 ,2 ,3 ,5 )-8-methyl-3-phenyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate) become popular as well. Both substances share a similar pharmacological profile as cocaine, while their potency is higher, and their duration of action is longer. This study investigated their metabolic fate in rat urine and incubations using pooled human liver S9 fraction (pHLS9). Indatraline formed two phase I and four phase II metabolites, with aromatic hydroxylation and glucuronidation being the main metabolic steps. All metabolites were detected in rat urine, while the parent compound was not detectable. Although low in abundance, indatraline metabolites were well identifiable due to their specific isotopic patterns caused by chlorine. Troparil formed four phase I and three phase II metabolites, with demethylation being the main metabolic step. Hydroxylation of the tropane ring, the phenyl ring, and combinations of these steps, as well as glucuronidation, were found. Phase I metabolites were detectable in rat urine and pHLS9, while phase II metabolites were only detectable in rat urine.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Dedicated in memory of Prof. Dr. Niels Eckstein (1971–2023). Deceased.
ISSN:	2218-1989 2218-1989
DOI:	10.3390/metabo14060342