Determination of basic azaarenes in aviation kerosene by solid-phase extraction and HPLC-fluorescence detection

SPE in combination with HPLC and fluorescence detection has been used for sensitive determination of six basic azaarenes (7,8-benzoquinoline, 7,9-dimethylbenz[c]acridine, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine, 9-methylacridine, acridine, and dibenz[a,j]acridine) in aviation kerosene (jet fuel). SPE was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of separation science Vol. 32; no. 12; pp. 2058 - 2065
Main Authors:	Rocha da Luz, Elaine, Mota Gonsalves, Thiago Fernando, Queiroz Aucélio, Ricardo
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Weinheim Wiley-VCH Verlag 01-06-2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag WILEY‐VCH Verlag Wiley
Subjects:	Analytical chemistry Applied sciences Aviation kerosene Basic azaarenes Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products Energy Exact sciences and technology Fuels HPLC-fluorescence detection Other chromatographic methods Prospecting and production of crude oil, natural gas, oil shales and tar sands SPE Trace analysis HPLC-fluorescence detection Solid phase extraction Fluorescence detector Chemical analysis Nitrogen heterocycle Acridine derivatives HPLC chromatography SPE Aviation kerosene Jet fuel Chemical enrichment Sample preparation Basic azaarenes Azaarenes Aromatic compound Quantitative analysis
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Summary:	SPE in combination with HPLC and fluorescence detection has been used for sensitive determination of six basic azaarenes (7,8-benzoquinoline, 7,9-dimethylbenz[c]acridine, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine, 9-methylacridine, acridine, and dibenz[a,j]acridine) in aviation kerosene (jet fuel). SPE was performed in a single step using a strong cation exchange sorbent. The HPLC system consisted of C18 column with a selected detection program of optimal λexc and λem. A gradient elution with ACN and phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min allowed efficient and fast separation of azaarenes within 15 min. The LOD and LOQ values (S/N ratio 3:1 and 10:1, respectively) were between 0.0013 and 0.021 and from 0.0044 to 0.072 ng per injection. The calibration curves showed linear behavior from the LOQ to 250 μg/L (r² >0.99). For the spiked concentration of 6.0 μg/L, recoveries were from 92 to 107% for jet fuel samples, except for 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine, which presented 68% recovery. The proposed method was applied to the quantification of those six basic azaarenes in one commercial kerosene and in three aviation kerosene samples. The presence of 7,8-benzoquinoline (up to 3.2 μg/L) and dibenzo[a,j]acridine (up to 6.3 μg/L) was confirmed in aviation kerosene.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200900040 MCT-FINEP CNPq ArticleID:JSSC200900040 FAPERJ istex:CA96C4BA8284F45B60144D5A976AF301E16F365F ark:/67375/WNG-WNNKV3F7-B ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1615-9306 1615-9314
DOI:	10.1002/jssc.200900040