Therapeutic action of the ethanolic extract of Platonia insignis Mart. leaves on induced respiratory distress syndrome in rats

•The ethanolic extract was prepared from the leaves of P. insignis.•GC-MS analysis performed on the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves revealed the presence of 60 phytocompounds.•HPLC analysis identified the flavonoid catechin which justifies the anti-inflammatory effect of P. insignis in the t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	South African journal of botany Vol. 160; pp. 235 - 245
Main Authors:	da Silva, Maria Lanna Souza, Mourão, Penina Sousa, Reis, Vitória Raquel da Silva, Costa, Clara Andrezza Crisóstomo Bezerra, Moura, Orlando Francisco da Silva, Moreira, Rodrigo de Araujo, de Freitas, Johnnatan Duarte, de Freitas, Sâmya Danielle Lima, Marques, Rosemarie Brandim, Figueredo-Silva, José, Ferreira, Danniel Cabral Leão, Uchôa, Valdiléia Teixeira, Maia-Filho, Antônio Luiz Martins
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-09-2023
Subjects:	Catechin Phytochemical screening Platonia insignis Therapeutic approach Phytochemical screening Catechin Therapeutic approach Platonia insignis
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Summary:	•The ethanolic extract was prepared from the leaves of P. insignis.•GC-MS analysis performed on the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves revealed the presence of 60 phytocompounds.•HPLC analysis identified the flavonoid catechin which justifies the anti-inflammatory effect of P. insignis in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Platonia insignis Mart., popularly known as bacuri, is a plant in which all its parts are indicated for use in folk medicine. The decoction of the seeds, for example, is used to treat diarrhea, while the oil from the seeds is used to treat skin diseases, otitis, rheumatism, arthritis, and cicatrization. The objective of this work was to perform a phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves and to evaluate the pharmacological action of the extract on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats. For the induction of ARDS, male rats were distributed into seven groups. The negative control group was submitted to ischemia and reperfusion but was not treated. The test groups were treated by inhalation with ethanolic extract of freeze-dried P. insignis leaves (500 mg/kg) and associations. Lung structural and inflammatory changes were evaluated by histological examination. The preliminary phytochemical screening found that the leaf extract contained alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenes. The GCMS– analysis verified that the extract presented 60 compounds, in which phytol (10.54%), gamma-sitosterol (9.88%), and hexadecanoic acid (9.84%) were the major compounds identified. Analysis by CLAE revealed the secondary metabolite catechin in the extract. Finally, the extract was able to stagnate the marked dilation of terminal and respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves is a promising therapeutic option to treat ARDS.
ISSN:	0254-6299 1727-9321
DOI:	10.1016/j.sajb.2023.06.049