Differential Effects of Exercise Programs on Neuregulin 4, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Men With Obesity

Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine that is sensitive to energy expenditure and with a potential role in metabolic homeostasis and obesity. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of three different exercise training protocols on Nrg4 levels, cardiometabolic risk factors, and body composition pa...

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Published in:	Frontiers in physiology Vol. 12; p. 797574
Main Authors:	Saeidi, Ayoub, Shishvan, Sevda R, Soltani, Mohammad, Tarazi, Fatemeh, Doyle-Baker, Patricia K, Shahrbanian, Shahnaz, Mollabashi, Shirin S, Khosravi, Nikoo, Laher, Ismail, Moriarty, Terence A, Johnson, Kelly E, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A, Zouhal, Hassane
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland Frontiers 07-02-2022 Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects:	Endocrinology and metabolism exercise HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training) Human health and pathology Life Sciences neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) obesity Physiology resistance exercise and aerobic exercise Tissues and Organs HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training) exercise resistance exercise and aerobic exercise neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) obesity
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Summary:	Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine that is sensitive to energy expenditure and with a potential role in metabolic homeostasis and obesity. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of three different exercise training protocols on Nrg4 levels, cardiometabolic risk factors, and body composition parameters in men with obesity. Sixty adult men with obesity (Mean ± SD; age: 27.60 ± 8.4 yrs.; height: 168.4 ± 2.6 cm; weight: 96.7 ± 7.2 kg) were randomly allocated into four equal ( = 15) groups: High- Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Circuit Resistance Training (CRT), Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) or a control group. The HIIT protocol involved six bouts of 3-min high-intensity exercise (90% VO ) followed by 3-min low-intensity exercise (50% VO ). The CRT group performed three circuits of resistance training, where each circuit included 11 exercises at 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) and 70% of VO , and with a work-to-rest ratio of 2:1 (40-s exercise and 20-s rest) and 60-s recovery between circuits. The MICT group performed 36 min of exercise at 70% of VO . All measurements were taken 72 h before and after the first and last training sessions. There were significant differences between the groups in fat-free mass (FFM), (effect size (ES): 0.78), fat mass (ES: 0.86), VO (ES: 0.59), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ES: 0.83), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (ES: 0.79), total cholesterol (TC) (ES: 0.90), triglyceride (TG) (ES: 0.52) glucose (ES: 0.39), insulin (ES: 0.61), HOM-IR (ES: 0.91) and Nrg4 (ES: 0.98) ( < 0.05). There were no significant changes in very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (ES: 0.13) levels, or body weights (ES: 0.51) ( > 0.05). Levels of Nrg4 were negatively correlated with LDL-C, TC, TG, VLDL-C, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR ( < 0.05) and positively with HDL-C ( < 0.05). Our results suggest that HIIT and CRT protocols have greater effects than MICT protocol on Nrg4 levels, metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, and body composition variables in men with obesity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 PMCID: PMC8859436 Reviewed by: Wendell Arthur Lopes, State University of Maringá, Brazil; Haiquan Xu, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China This article was submitted to Exercise Physiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Physiology Edited by: Hamdi Chtourou, University of Sfax, Tunisia
ISSN:	1664-042X 1664-042X
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2021.797574