A novel experimental approach to investigate the effect of different agitation methods using sodium hypochlorite as an irrigant on the rate of bacterial biofilm removal from the wall of a simulated root canal model

A novel experimental approach to investigate the effect of different agitation methods using sodium hypochlorite as an irrigant on the rate of bacterial biofilm removal from the wall of a simulated root canal model

Abstract Objective Root canal irrigation is an important adjunct to control microbial infection. This study aimed primarily to develop a transparent root canal model to study in situ Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal rate and remaining attached biofilm using passive or active irrigation solution...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Dental materials Vol. 32; no. 10; pp. 1289 - 1300
Main Authors: Mohmmed, Saif alarab, Vianna, Morgana E, Penny, Matthew R, Hilton, Stephen T, Mordan, Nicola, Knowles, Jonathan C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Elsevier Inc 01-10-2016
Subjects:
3D printing model
Advanced Basic Science
Agitation
Automated agitation
Bacteria
Biofilm
Biofilms
Computer simulation
Dental Pulp Cavity
Dentistry
Enterococcus faecalis
Humans
Irrigation
Manual agitation
Printing, Three-Dimensional
Root Canal Irrigants - therapeutic use
Root Canal Preparation
Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium Hypochlorite - therapeutic use
Sonics
Therapeutic Irrigation
Ultrasonic agitation
Enterococcus faecalis
Biofilm
Sodium hypochlorite
3D printing model
Manual agitation
Automated agitation
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Abstract Objective Root canal irrigation is an important adjunct to control microbial infection. This study aimed primarily to develop a transparent root canal model to study in situ Enterococcus faecalis biofilm removal rate and remaining attached biofilm using passive or active irrigation solution for 90 s. The change in available chlorine and pH of the outflow irrigant were assessed. Methods A total of forty root canal models ( n = 10 per group) were manufactured using 3D printing. Each model consisted of two longitudinal halves of an 18 mm length simulated root canal with size 30 and taper 0.06. E. faecalis biofilms were grown on the apical 3 mm of the models for 10 days in Brain Heart Infusion broth. Biofilms were stained using crystal violet for visualization. The model halves were reassembled, attached to an apparatus and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Following 60 s of 9 mL of 2.5% NaOCl irrigation using syringe and needle, the irrigant was either left stagnant in the canal or activated using gutta-percha, sonic and ultrasonic methods for 30 s. Images were then captured every second using an external camera. The residual biofilm percentages were measured using image analysis software. The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and generalized linear mixed model. Results The highest level of biofilm removal was with ultrasonic agitation (90.13%) followed by sonic (88.72%), gutta-percha (80.59%), and passive irrigation group (control) (43.67%) respectively. All agitation groups reduced the available chlorine and pH of NaOCl more than that in the passive irrigation group. Significance The 3D printing method provided a novel model to create a root canal simulation for studying and understanding a real-time biofilm removal under microscopy. Ultrasonic agitation of NaOCl left the least amount of residual biofilm in comparison to sonic and gutta-percha agitation methods.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:0109-5641
1879-0097
DOI:10.1016/j.dental.2016.07.013