Antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma activities of Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus isolated from Ficus retusa: in vitro and in vivo approach

Emergent records propose that Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus is a vital source for various bioactive molecules possessing many biological properties. The current study was designed to inspect the antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma potentials of Ficus retusa-derived endophytic fungi. After isolat...

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Published in:	Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 297 - 308
Main Authors:	Moglad, Ehssan, Elekhnawy, Engy, Negm, Walaa A., Eliwa, Duaa, Sami Younis, Salwa, Mohamed Elmansory, Basma, Mahgoub, Sebaey, Ahmed, Eman A., Momtaz Al-Fakhrany, Omnia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Taylor & Francis 01-12-2023 Taylor & Francis Ltd Taylor & Francis Group
Subjects:	Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology anti-biofilm Antibacterial activity Aspergillus niger Asteraceae Biofilms Biological properties Chemical profiling Clinical isolates Electron microscopes Endophytes Ficus Ficus retusa Flow cytometry Fungi Gene sequencing Klebsiella Klebsiella pneumoniae membrane depolarization Membrane potential Minimum inhibitory concentration Plant Extracts rRNA 18S Scanning electron microscopy Tachyzoites Toxoplasma Toxoplasma gondii ultrastructure Chemical profiling tachyzoites anti-biofilm ultrastructure Klebsiella pneumoniae membrane depolarization
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Summary:	Emergent records propose that Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus is a vital source for various bioactive molecules possessing many biological properties. The current study was designed to inspect the antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma potentials of Ficus retusa-derived endophytic fungi. After isolation and identification (using 18S rRNA gene sequencing) of A. niger endophytic fungus, LC/MS was utilized for identification and authentication of the chemical profile of the A. niger endophyte extract. Then, the fungal extract was assessed for its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. Additionally, its efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii was elucidated in vivo. The fungal extract displayed antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae isolates with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 64-512 µg/mL. It also possessed a membrane potential dissipating effect using flow cytometry. Moreover, it formed distorted cells with rough surfaces and deformed shapes using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Regarding its antibiofilm activity, it resulted in a dysregulation of the genes encoding biofilm formation (fimH, mrkA and mrkD) using qRT-PCR in nine K. pneumoniae isolates. The in vivo anti-Toxoplasma potential was demonstrated by decreasing the mortality rate of mice and reducing the tachyzoites' count in the peritoneal fluids and liver impression smears of mice. In addition, the deformities of the parasite decreased, as revealed by SEM and the inflammation in tissues diminished. Thus, A. niger endophytic fungi could be a valuable source of antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma compounds.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2169-1401 2169-141X
DOI:	10.1080/21691401.2023.2215531