The frontiers of functionalized graphene-based nanocomposites as chemical sensors

Graphene is a single-atom-thick sheet of sp hybridized carbon atoms that are packed in a hexagonal honeycomb crystalline structure. This promising structure has endowed graphene with advantages in electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as room-temperature quantum Hall effect, long-range...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nanotechnology reviews (Berlin) Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 330 - 369
Main Authors:	Nurazzi, Norizan M., Abdullah, Norli, Demon, Siti Z. N., Halim, Norhana A., Azmi, Ahmad F. M., Knight, Victor F., Mohamad, Imran S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin De Gruyter 01-01-2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subjects:	chemical sensor Chemical sensors Electron mobility Electronic devices Electronic equipment Graphene graphene oxide Mechanical properties Mobility Nanocomposites Quantum Hall effect reduced graphene oxide Room temperature Sensors Thermal conductivity
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Summary:	Graphene is a single-atom-thick sheet of sp hybridized carbon atoms that are packed in a hexagonal honeycomb crystalline structure. This promising structure has endowed graphene with advantages in electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as room-temperature quantum Hall effect, long-range ballistic transport with around 10 times higher electron mobility than in Si and thermal conductivity in the order of 5,000 W/mK, and high electron mobility at room temperature (250,000 cm /V s). Another promising characteristic of graphene is large surface area (2,630 m /g) which has emerged so far with its utilization as novel electronic devices especially for ultrasensitive chemical sensor and reinforcement for the structural component applications. The application of graphene is challenged by concerns of synthesis techniques, and the modifications involved to improve the usability of graphene have attracted extensive attention. Therefore, in this review, the research progress conducted in the previous decades with graphene and its derivatives for chemical detection and the novelty in performance enhancement of the chemical sensor towards the specific gases and their mechanism have been reviewed. The challenges faced by the current graphene-based sensors along with some of the probable solutions and their future improvements are also being included.
ISSN:	2191-9097 2191-9089 2191-9097
DOI:	10.1515/ntrev-2021-0030