Systemic Absorption of the Sunscreens Benzophenone-3, Octyl-Methoxycinnamate, and 3-(4-Methyl-Benzylidene) Camphor After Whole-Body Topical Application and Reproductive Hormone Levels in Humans

Recent in vitro and animal studies have reported estrogen-like activity of chemicals used in sunscreen preparations. We investigated whether the three sunscreens benzophenone-3 (BP-3), octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC), and 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor (4-MBC) were absorbed and influenced endogenous r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of investigative dermatology Vol. 123; no. 1; pp. 57 - 61
Main Authors:	Janjua, Nadeem Rezaq, Mogensen, Brian, Andersson, Anna-Maria, Petersen, Jørgen Holm, Henriksen, Mette, Skakkebæk, Niels E., Wulf, Hans Christian
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Danvers, MA Elsevier Inc 01-07-2004 Nature Publishing Elsevier Limited
Subjects:	Administration, Topical Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Benzophenones - administration & dosage Benzophenones - pharmacokinetics Benzylamines - administration & dosage Benzylamines - pharmacokinetics Biological and medical sciences Cinnamates - administration & dosage Cinnamates - pharmacokinetics Dermatology Diseases of the skin. Cosmetics Estradiol - blood excretion Female Follicle Stimulating Hormone - blood human Humans Luteinizing Hormone - blood Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Postmenopause Radioimmunoassay Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects) reproductive hormones Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - metabolism Sunscreening Agents - administration & dosage Sunscreening Agents - pharmacokinetics sunscreens systemic absorption Testosterone - blood topical application systemic absorption sunscreens excretion reproductive hormones human topical application Human Excretion Dermatology Systemic Benzophenone Local administration Absorption Camphor Sunscreen product Whole body Sex steroid hormone sunscreens/systemic absorption/human/excretion/topical application/reproductive hormones Topical administration
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Summary:	Recent in vitro and animal studies have reported estrogen-like activity of chemicals used in sunscreen preparations. We investigated whether the three sunscreens benzophenone-3 (BP-3), octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC), and 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor (4-MBC) were absorbed and influenced endogenous reproductive hormone levels in humans after topical application. In this 2-wk single-blinded study 32 healthy volunteers, 15 young males and 17 postmenopausal females, were assigned to daily whole-body topical application of 2 mg per cm2 of basic cream formulation without (week 1) and with (week 2) the three sunscreens at 10% (wt/wt) of each. Maximum plasma concentrations were 200 ng per mL BP-3, 20 ng per mL 4-MBC, and 10 ng per mL OMC for females and 300 ng per mL BP-3, 20 ng per mL 4-MBC, and 20 ng per mL OMC for men. All three sunscreens were detectable in urine. The reproductive hormones FSH, LH were unchanged but minor differences in testosterone levels were observed between the 2 wk. A minor difference in serum estradiol and inhibin B levels were observed in men only. These differences in hormone levels were not related to sunscreen exposure.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-202X 1523-1747
DOI:	10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22725.x