Nanohybrid Membrane Synthesis with Phosphorene Nanoparticles: A Study of the Addition, Stability and Toxicity

Phosphorene is a promising candidate as a membrane material additive because of its inherent photocatalytic properties and electrical conductance which can help reduce fouling and improve membrane properties. The main objective of this study was to characterize structural and morphologic changes ari...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Polymers Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 1555
Main Authors:	Eke, Joyner, Mills, Philip Alexander, Page, Jacob Ryan, Wright, Garrison P, Tsyusko, Olga V, Escobar, Isabel C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 14-07-2020 MDPI
Subjects:	Addition polymerization Additives Arsenic removal Biocompatibility Dyes Filtration Fouling fouling reduction Free form Grain boundaries Graphene leaching membrane modification Membranes Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nematodes Optical properties Permeability Phosphorene Phosphorus Photocatalysis Polymer blends Polysulfone resins Proteins Quantum dots Rejection Resistance Selectivity Stability Studies Toxicity two-dimensional materials United States > US nanoparticles membrane modification toxicity study two-dimensional materials leaching reactive membranes fouling reduction phosphorene
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Summary:	Phosphorene is a promising candidate as a membrane material additive because of its inherent photocatalytic properties and electrical conductance which can help reduce fouling and improve membrane properties. The main objective of this study was to characterize structural and morphologic changes arising from the addition of phosphorene to polymeric membranes. Here, phosphorene was physically incorporated into a blend of polysulfone (PSf) and sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) doping solution. Protein and dye rejection studies were carried out to determine the permeability and selectivity of the membranes. Since loss of material additives during filtration processes is a challenge, the stability of phosphorene nanoparticles in different environments was also examined. Furthermore, given that phosphorene is a new material, toxicity studies with a model nematode, , were carried out to provide insight into the biocompatibility and safety of phosphorene. Results showed that membranes modified with phosphorene displayed a higher protein rejection, but lower flux values. Phosphorene also led to a 70% reduction in dye fouling after filtration. Additionally, data showed that phosphorene loss was negligible within the membrane matrix irrespective of the pH environment. Phosphorene caused toxicity to nematodes in a free form, while no toxicity was observed for membrane permeates.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2073-4360 2073-4360
DOI:	10.3390/polym12071555