Cervical Cancer in Young Women: Do They Have a Worse Prognosis? A Retrospective Cohort Analysis in a Population of Mexico
Background Cervical cancer (CC) is a global problem; it is among the five leading causes of cancer death in women. Several studies have examined the association between age and disease prognosis; however, controversy still exists. The objective of the present study is to determine if age at diagnosi...
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| Published in: | The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 25; no. 9; pp. e1363 - e1371 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hoboken, USA
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01-09-2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Background
Cervical cancer (CC) is a global problem; it is among the five leading causes of cancer death in women. Several studies have examined the association between age and disease prognosis; however, controversy still exists. The objective of the present study is to determine if age at diagnosis has an impact on overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS).
Materials and Methods
Retrospective cohort of 2,982 patients with CC treated at the National Cancer Institute of Mexico from 2005 to 2015. We collected demographic, clinical, and treatment data, as well as current status, of 2 groups: women under and over 40 years of age. We calculated OS and DFS rates with Kaplan‐Meier estimates. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to determine risks.
Results
The median follow‐up time was 26.5 months (percentile [P]25–P75, 11–60.23). When comparing DFS, OS, stage, and histologic subtype between young patients <40 and adult patients >40, we did not observe any difference. We found that in both groups, locally advanced and advanced stage, neuroendocrine subtype, hydronephrosis, and positive inguinal lymph nodes increased the risks of death and recurrence. Having been pregnant was identified as protective factor in DFS (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.71).
Conclusion
We corroborated that age at diagnosis is not a prognostic factor for decreased or increased OS or DFS, and in both groups, the stage, histologic subtype, hydronephrosis, and node involvement were identified as factors adverse to OS and DFS, and pregnancy history was a protective factor in DFS.
Implications for Practice
The present study directly affects everyday clinical practice because it allows us to focus on the most relevant prognostic factors in patients with cervical cancer. When planning treatment and follow‐up, clinicians should focus on stage at diagnosis, histologic subtype, hydronephrosis, and distant metastasis instead of patients’ age. They should also be aware of any previous pregnancies and poor response, or nonresponse, to treatment, which results in disease progression and persistence. Paying attention to these factors affecting overall survival and disease‐free survival will help treat patients better and increase their chances of survival and improve their quality of life.
Cervical cancer is among the five leading causes of cancer morbimortality in women. This article focuses on age at diagnosis and the related effect on overall and disease‐free survival in this patient population. |
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| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Disclosures of potential conflicts of interest may be found at the end of this article. No part of this article may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or for any means without the prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. For information on purchasing reprints contact Commercialreprints@wiley.com. For permission information contact permissions@wiley.com. |
| ISSN: | 1083-7159 1549-490X |
| DOI: | 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0902 |