White-Matter Lesions and Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow Evaluation by 3D Arterial Spin-Labeled Perfusion MRI in Asymptomatic Divers: Correlation with Patent Foramen Ovale Ocurrence

White-Matter Lesions and Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow Evaluation by 3D Arterial Spin-Labeled Perfusion MRI in Asymptomatic Divers: Correlation with Patent Foramen Ovale Ocurrence

Cerebral white-matter lesions (cWML) can be caused by dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces or may correspond to true lacunar ischemic lesions. The aim of our study was to evaluate in asymptomatic divers the relationship between the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and cWML, as well as their possib...

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Published in:Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 2866
Main Authors: Cabrera, José Ángel, Urmeneta Ulloa, Javier, Jímenez de la Peña, Mar, Rubio Alonso, Margarita, López Gavilán, Miguel, Bayona Horta, Silvia, Pizarro, Gonzalo, Simon, Karlos, Migoya, Teresa, Martínez de Vega, Vicente
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 14-04-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
Age
Alzheimer's disease
Asymptomatic
Brain
Bubbles
Cerebral circulation
Clinical medicine
Divers
Evaluation
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical examination
Methods
Neuroimaging
Spain
United States > US
3D arterial spin-labeled
patent foramen ovale
divers
white-matter lesions
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Summary:Cerebral white-matter lesions (cWML) can be caused by dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces or may correspond to true lacunar ischemic lesions. The aim of our study was to evaluate in asymptomatic divers the relationship between the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and cWML, as well as their possible effects on cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) by magnetic resonance (MRI) through the arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed for the identification of PFO, and cerebral magnetic resonance including the 3D-ASL sequence for CBF quantification. Thirty-eight divers, with a mean age 45.8 ± 8.6 years, were included. Nineteen healthy volunteers, mean age 41 ± 15.2 years, served as the control group. A total of 28.9% of divers had completed more than 1000 dives. It was found that 26.3% of divers presented with PFO in the echocardiographic study. cWML was evidenced in 10.5% of diver MRI studies. There was no statistically significant relationship between the presence of PFO and cWML ( = 0.95). We observed a lower blood flow in all brain areas assessed by the 3D-ASL sequence in the group of divers, compared with the control group. We did not find statistical differences in CBF as a function of the presence or absence of PFO, number of dives, or cWML evidence.
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ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm12082866