Intake occasion affects the serum cholesterol lowering of a plant sterol-enriched single-dose yoghurt drink in mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects

Objective: To determine the impact of intake occasion (with or without a meal), and product fat level on the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a plant sterol (PS)-enriched (3 g/day) single-dose yoghurt drink. Design: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study with a 4 weeks run-in a...

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Published in:	European journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 60; no. 3; pp. 325 - 333
Main Authors:	Doornbos, A.M.E, Meynen, E.M, Duchateau, G.S.M.J.E, Knaap, H.C.M. van der, Trautwein, E.A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basingstoke Nature Publishing 01-03-2006 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use Beverages Biological and medical sciences blood lipids Cholesterol Cholesterol, LDL - blood Diet diet-related diseases Dietary Fats - pharmacology dietary supplements Disorders of blood lipids. Hyperlipoproteinemia Double-Blind Method Enrichment Esters experimental diets Female Food, Fortified high density lipoprotein human diseases Humans hypercholesterolemia Hypercholesterolemia - blood Hypercholesterolemia - diet therapy lipid content Low density lipoprotein Male Medical sciences men Metabolic diseases Middle Aged milk fat nutrient content Oils & fats phytosterols Phytosterols - therapeutic use Placebos R&D Research & development Sterols Treatment Outcome with or without meals women Yogurt Yogurt - analysis Consumption Human Nutrition intake occasion LDL- cholesterol Single dose Metabolic diseases Cholesterol LDL Lipids Hyperlipoproteinemia Yogurt Lipoprotein modestly hypercholesterolaemic subjects Hypercholesterolemia plant sterols Phytosterol Serum Dyslipemia low-fat yoghurt drink
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Summary:	Objective: To determine the impact of intake occasion (with or without a meal), and product fat level on the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a plant sterol (PS)-enriched (3 g/day) single-dose yoghurt drink. Design: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study with a 4 weeks run-in and 4 weeks intervention period. Setting: Subjects recruited from the general community. Subjects: A total of 184 moderate hypercholesterolaemic subjects (81 men and 103 women) (age 57+/-2 years) completed the study. Interventions: The study product was a 100-g single-dose yoghurt drink with or without added PS in the form of PS esters. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of five 4-week treatments: (i) drink A (0.1% dairy fat, 2.2% total fat) with a meal, (ii) drink A without a meal, (iii) drink B (1.5% dairy fat, 3.3% total fat) with a meal, (iv) drink B without a meal and (v) placebo drink with a meal. Results: LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly lowered when the single-dose drink was taken with a meal independent of its fat content (drink A: -9.5% (P<0.001, 95% CI: -13.8 to -5.2); drink B: -9.3% (P<0.001, 95% CI: -13.7 to -4.9)) as compared to placebo. When consumed without a meal, LDL-C was also significantly decreased (drink A: -5.1% (P<0.05, 95% CI: -9.4 to -0.8); drink B: -6.9% (P<0.01, 95% CI: -11.3 to -2.5) as compared to placebo, however the effect was significantly smaller as compared to the intake with a meal. Conclusion: These results indicate that a PS-ester-enriched single-dose yoghurt drink effectively reduces LDL-C irrespective of the fat content of the product. A substantially larger decrease in serum cholesterol concentration was achieved when the single-dose drink was consumed with a meal emphasizing the importance of the intake occasion for optimal cholesterol-lowering efficacy. Sponsorship: Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602318 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-News-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0954-3007 1476-5640
DOI:	10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602318