Dirofilaria immitis is endemic in rural areas of the Brazilian Amazonas state capital, Manaus

Dirofilaria immitis is endemic in rural areas of the Brazilian Amazonas state capital, Manaus

The canine filarial parasite Dirofilaria immitis has not been reported in Brazil´s Amazonas state capital, Manaus, for over a century. Here, we report one imported and 27 autochthonous D. immitis infections from a microfilarial survey of 766 domestic dog blood samples collected between 2017 and 2021...

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Published in:Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria Vol. 32; no. 2; p. e000223
Main Authors: Barbosa, Ulysses Carvalho, Nava, Alessandra Ferreira Dales, Ferreira Neto, José Vicente, Dias, Cindy Alves, Silva, Viviane Costa da, Mesquita, Hugo Guimarães de, Sampaio, Raquel Telles de Moreira, Barros, Wanilze Gonçalves, Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa, Silva, Tullio Romão Ribeiro da, Crainey, James Lee, Tadei, Wanderli Pedro, Koolen, Hector Henrique Ferreira, Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Brazil Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária 01-01-2023
Subjects:
Animals
Brazil - epidemiology
Dirofilaria immitis
Dirofilariasis - diagnosis
Dirofilariasis - epidemiology
Dirofilariasis - parasitology
Dog Diseases - diagnosis
Dog Diseases - epidemiology
Dog Diseases - parasitology
Dogs
Mosquito Vectors - parasitology
PARASITOLOGY
Prevalence
Short Communication
VETERINARY SCIENCES
Brazil
Amazônia
Dirofilariasis
Urban expansion
Dirofilariose
zoonoses
Amazonia
Expansão urbana
Manaus
Dirofilaria immitis
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Summary:The canine filarial parasite Dirofilaria immitis has not been reported in Brazil´s Amazonas state capital, Manaus, for over a century. Here, we report one imported and 27 autochthonous D. immitis infections from a microfilarial survey of 766 domestic dog blood samples collected between 2017 and 2021 in Manaus. An Overall prevalence estimate of 15.44% (23/149) was calculated from our two rural collection sites; a prevalence of 1.22% (4/328) was estimated at our periurban collection site, and an overall prevalence of 0.35% (1/289) was calculated from our two urban clinic collections. Our data suggest that in the urban areas of Manaus, where the parasites are very likely vectored by the same species of mosquito that historically vectored Wuchereria bancrofti (Culex quinquefasciatus), prevalence levels are very low and possibly maintained by an influx from rural areas where sylvatic reservoirs and/or more favorable vector transmission dynamics maintain high prevalences.
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Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest concerning the publication of this work.
Ethics declaration: The research project presented here was approved by the “use of Animals” ethics committee of the “Escola Superior Batista do Amazonas” and was assigned the approval reference number: 061/2017.
ISSN:0103-846X
1984-2961
1984-2961
DOI:10.1590/S1984-29612023018