Relationship between dose of emamectin benzoate and molting response of ovigerous American lobsters ( Homarus americanus)

A widely-prescribed treatment to control sea lice on cultured salmon is the administration of feed medicated with SLICE™ (active ingredient emamectin benzoate (EMB)). High doses of EMB can disrupt the molt cycle of ovigerous American lobsters, causing them to enter proecdysis prematurely and lose th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 67; no. 1; pp. 95 - 99
Main Authors:	Waddy, S.L., Merritt, V.A., Hamilton-Gibson, M.N., Aiken, D.E., Burridge, L.E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	San Diego, CA Elsevier Inc 01-05-2007 Elsevier
Subjects:	American lobster Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Antiparasitic Agents - therapeutic use Antiparasitic Agents - toxicity Applied ecology Biological and medical sciences Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Ectoparasitic Infestations Emamectin benzoate Fish Diseases - drug therapy Fisheries - methods Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Homarus Homarus americanus Humans Ivermectin - analogs & derivatives Ivermectin - therapeutic use Ivermectin - toxicity Lice Infestations - drug therapy Lice Infestations - veterinary Marine Molt Molting - drug effects Nephropidae - drug effects Nephropidae - physiology No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level NOEL Oviposition - drug effects Salmon - parasitology Salmonidae Seasons SLICE Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity American lobster NOEL Homarus Molt SLICE Emamectin benzoate Insecticide Ecotoxicology Pesticides Macrura Crustacea Homarus americanus SLICETM Lobster Arthropoda Avermectins Environment Decapoda Invertebrata
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Summary:	A widely-prescribed treatment to control sea lice on cultured salmon is the administration of feed medicated with SLICE™ (active ingredient emamectin benzoate (EMB)). High doses of EMB can disrupt the molt cycle of ovigerous American lobsters, causing them to enter proecdysis prematurely and lose their attached eggs when the shell is cast. To determine the dose response to EMB, lobsters were forced to ingest doses that ranged from 0.05 to 0.39 μg g −1. A significant proportion of lobsters given doses of 0.39 and 0.22 μg g −1 (37% and 23%, respectively) molted prematurely, almost a year earlier than the control group. All the lobsters in the 0.05 and 0.12 μg g −1 groups molted at the normal time and the mean time of molt was similar to that of the control group. Thus, the no-observed-effect level (NOEL) and lowest-observed-effect level (LOEL) of EMB on the molt cycle were 0.12 and 0.22 μg EMB g −1 lobster, respectively. To acquire the LOEL, a 500-g lobster would have to consume 22 g of salmon feed medicated with SLICE™ at a level of 5 μg EMB g −1 feed.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0147-6513 1090-2414
DOI:	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.05.002