Natural Gas Intermittent Kiln for the Ceramic Industry: A Transient Thermal Analysis

Drying and firing of ceramic products are processes that require high energy consumption. Making these processes more efficient can improve product quality, reduce processing time and energy consumption, and promote economic and environmental gains. In this sense, this work aims to quantify heat tra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Energies (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 1568
Main Authors:	Gomez, Ricardo S, Porto, Túlio R N, Magalhães, Hortência L F, Moreira, Gicelia, Anastácia M M C N André, Melo, Ruth B F, Lima, Antonio G B
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 2019
Subjects:	Boundary conditions ceramic material Ceramic molding materials Ceramic molds Ceramics industry Commercialization Cooling Cooling rate Cost control Decision making Drying energy Energy consumption Energy efficiency External walls Finite volume method Firing Fluid dynamics Gases Heat transfer Humidity Insulation Kilns Mathematical models Moisture removal Molding (process) Natural gas Partial differential equations Porous materials Quality control Surface temperature Temperature distribution Thermal analysis thermal efficiency Thermal energy Thermal insulation Water demand Brazil United States > US
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Summary:	Drying and firing of ceramic products are processes that require high energy consumption. Making these processes more efficient can improve product quality, reduce processing time and energy consumption, and promote economic and environmental gains. In this sense, this work aims to quantify heat transfer in an intermittent ceramic kiln during the heating and cooling stages, with and without thermal insulation. All mathematical formulation is based on the first law of thermodynamics. From the results, we conclude that the greatest heat loss occurs by radiation in the sidewalls of the equipment, and that a considerable amount of energy is required to heat the sidewalls, base, and ceiling of the kiln. Further, with the use of thermal insulation, it was concluded that a high reduction in the heat lost through the sidewalls was achieved, thus providing a global energy gain of approximately 35% and a reduction in the maximum external surface temperature from 249.34 to 79.47 °C when compared to the kiln without thermal insulation, reducing the risks of work accidents and thermal discomfort when in operation.
ISSN:	1996-1073 1996-1073
DOI:	10.3390/en12081568