Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with ovine toxoplasmosis in Northeast Brazil

Serum samples of 930 sheep were tested by ELISA to assess the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of toxoplasmosis in two regions of Rio Grande do Norte (Northeast Brazil), with different climatic conditions. The overall estimated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Parasite (Paris) Vol. 20; p. 20
Main Authors:	Andrade, Milena M. Clementino, Carneiro, Mariangela, Medeiros, Andrea D., Neto, Valter Andrade, Vitor, Ricardo W.A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	France EDP Sciences 2013
Subjects:	Adults Age Factors Animals Antibodies Antibodies, Protozoan - blood Antibody Affinity Avidity Brazil - epidemiology Cats Climatic conditions Confidence Intervals ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary Female Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G - blood Infections Male Odds Ratio Oocysts Ovis aries Protozoa Risk analysis Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Serology seroprevalence Sheep Sheep Diseases - epidemiology Sheep Diseases - parasitology Toxoplasma - immunology Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis, Animal - epidemiology Water Supply Brazil Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
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Summary:	Serum samples of 930 sheep were tested by ELISA to assess the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of toxoplasmosis in two regions of Rio Grande do Norte (Northeast Brazil), with different climatic conditions. The overall estimated prevalence was 22.1%, with 26.3% and 17.8% positive sheep in Leste Potiguar and Central Potiguar regions, respectively. Among the positive sheep, 18.1% had low-avidity IgG antibodies, suggesting the occurrence of recent toxoplasmosis. The risk factors for toxoplasmosis in sheep were: presence of cats (odds ratio (OR) = 1.55; confidence interval (CI) 95% = 1.11–2.16), age of the animals, with adults presenting a greater chance of infection (OR = 2.44; CI 95% = 1.58–3.75), and the use of running water (OR = 1.61; CI 95% = 1.25–2.09), characterizing the existence of transmission by sporulated oocysts of T. gondii in the environment. Des échantillons de sérum de 930 moutons ont été analysés par le test ELISA dans le but d’évaluer la prévalence d’anticorps anti-Toxoplasma gondii et d’identifier les facteurs de risque associés à la présence de toxoplasmose chez les ovins dans deux régions de l’État de Rio Grande do Norte (Nord-Est du Brésil), ayant des conditions climatiques distinctes. La prévalence estimée était de 22.1 %, dont 26.3 % et 17.8 % de moutons positifs, respectivement, dans les régions Leste Potiguar et Central Potiguar. Chez les moutons positifs, 18,1 % ont présenté des anticorps IgG de basse-avidité, suggérant des événements récents de toxoplasmose. Les facteurs de risque associés à l’infection étaient : la présence de chats (rapport de cotes 1.55 ; intervalle de confiance 95 % 1.11-2.16), l’âge des animaux, les adultes ayant une plus grande chance d’infection (rc 2.44 ; ic 95 % 1.58-3.75), et l’utilisation d’eau courante (rc 1.61; ic 95 % 1.25-2.09), caractérisant ainsi l’existence de transmission par oocystes sporulés de T. gondii dans l’environnement.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/80W-X3DGLMPW-H publisher-ID:parasite120024 istex:DC915B922BAFB8947A9F95C1225C4EFDA15A2D3E dkey:10.1051/parasite/2013019 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1776-1042 1252-607X 1776-1042
DOI:	10.1051/parasite/2013019