Feeding during hibernation shifts gene expression toward active season levels in brown bears ( Ursus arctos )

Feeding during hibernation shifts gene expression toward active season levels in brown bears ( Ursus arctos )

Hibernation in bears involves a suite of metabolical and physiological changes, including the onset of insulin resistance, that are driven in part by sweeping changes in gene expression in multiple tissues. Feeding bears glucose during hibernation partially restores active season physiological pheno...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiological genomics Vol. 55; no. 9; pp. 368 - 380
Main Authors: Perry, Blair W, McDonald, Anna L, Trojahn, Shawn, Saxton, Michael W, Vincent, Ellery P, Lowry, Courtney, Evans Hutzenbiler, Brandon D, Cornejo, Omar E, Robbins, Charles T, Jansen, Heiko T, Kelley, Joanna L
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Physiological Society 01-09-2023
Subjects:
Animals
Feeding
Gene Expression
Glucose - metabolism
Hibernation
Hibernation - genetics
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - genetics
Molecular modelling
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
Phenotypes
Physiology
Seasons
Ursidae - genetics
Ursidae - metabolism
Ursus arctos
differential isoform usage
hibernation
insulin resistance
PPAR signaling
gene expression
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Summary:Hibernation in bears involves a suite of metabolical and physiological changes, including the onset of insulin resistance, that are driven in part by sweeping changes in gene expression in multiple tissues. Feeding bears glucose during hibernation partially restores active season physiological phenotypes, including partial resensitization to insulin, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze tissue-level gene expression in adipose, liver, and muscle to identify genes that respond to midhibernation glucose feeding and thus potentially drive postfeeding metabolical and physiological shifts. We show that midhibernation feeding stimulates differential expression in all analyzed tissues of hibernating bears and that a subset of these genes responds specifically by shifting expression toward levels typical of the active season. Inferences of upstream regulatory molecules potentially driving these postfeeding responses implicate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and other known regulators of insulin sensitivity, providing new insight into high-level regulatory mechanisms involved in shifting metabolic phenotypes between hibernation and active states.
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ISSN:1094-8341
1531-2267
1531-2267
DOI:10.1152/PHYSIOLGENOMICS.00030.2023