Genetic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from persistently infected calves born to dams vaccinated against bovine viral diarrhea virus before breeding

To collect and partially characterize strains of bovine viral diarrhea viruses(BVDVs) isolated from persistently infected (PI) calves born to vaccinated dams, determine genetic diversity of the isolated viruses, and identify regional distribution of genetically similar virus subpopulations. 17 noncy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	American journal of veterinary research Vol. 70; no. 1; pp. 86 - 91
Main Authors:	Bolin, Steven R, Lim, Ailam, Grotelueschen, Dale M, McBeth, William W, Cortese, Victor S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 2009
Subjects:	Animals Animals, Newborn bovine viral diarrhea Bovine viral diarrhea virus Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - prevention & control Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - virology calves Carrier State - veterinary Carrier State - virology Cattle cows cultured cells dams (mothers) Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - genetics Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - isolation & purification disease control Female genetic variation Genotype geographical distribution immune response Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - veterinary live vaccines microbial genetics molecular sequence data nucleotide sequences persistent infections Phylogeny polymerase chain reaction Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary RNA, Viral - chemistry RNA, Viral - genetics strain differences strains vaccination Vaccination - veterinary Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage
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Summary:	To collect and partially characterize strains of bovine viral diarrhea viruses(BVDVs) isolated from persistently infected (PI) calves born to vaccinated dams, determine genetic diversity of the isolated viruses, and identify regional distribution of genetically similar virus subpopulations. 17 noncytopathic (NCP) BVDVs from PI calves from 11 herds of beef or dairy cattle. Viral RNA was extracted from infected cell cultures, and BVDV-specific PCR primers were used to amplify > 1,000 bases of the viral genome. Derived sequences were used for molecular phylogenetic analyses to determine the viral genotype and viral genogroup and to assess genetic similarity among BVDVs. Analysis of the 17 NCP strains of BVDV failed to detect a viral genotype or viral genogroup not already reported to exist in the United States. One virus was classified as genotype 1, genogroup 1b, and 16 viruses were classified as genotype 2, genogroup 2a. Genotype 2 strains were genetically diverse, and genetic similarities were not obvious among viruses from geographic regions larger than a small locale. Viruses isolated from herds where a genotype 1, genogroup 1a BVDV vaccine was administered prior to breeding were primarily genetically diverse genotype 2, genogroup 2a BVDVs. Vaccination with multiple BVDV genotypes may be needed to improve protection. Methods used in this study to obtain and analyze field strains are applicable to assessing efficacy of current BVDV vaccines. Candidates for future vaccines are viruses that appear able to elude the immune response of cattle vaccinated against BVDV with existing vaccines.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0002-9645 1943-5681
DOI:	10.2460/ajvr.70.1.86