Methods and insights from the characterization of osteoprogenitor cells of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

Osteoprogenitor cells contribute to the development and maintenance of skeletal tissues. Bats are unique model taxa whose cellular processes are poorly understood, especially in regards to skeletal biology. Forelimb bones of bats, unlike those of terrestrial mammals, bend during flight and function...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Stem cell research Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 54 - 61
Main Authors:	Ball, H.C., Moussa, F.M., Mbimba, T., Orman, R., Safadi, F.F., Cooper, L.N.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier B.V 01-07-2016 Elsevier
Subjects:	Animals Bone Marrow Cells - cytology Cell Differentiation - genetics Cell Proliferation Cells, Cultured Cellular Reprogramming Chiroptera Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit - genetics Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit - metabolism Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Osteoblasts - cytology Osteoblasts - metabolism Osteocalcin - genetics Osteocalcin - metabolism Osteogenesis - genetics Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Stem Cells - cytology Stem Cells - metabolism Transcription Factors - genetics Transcription Factors - metabolism
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Summary:	Osteoprogenitor cells contribute to the development and maintenance of skeletal tissues. Bats are unique model taxa whose cellular processes are poorly understood, especially in regards to skeletal biology. Forelimb bones of bats, unlike those of terrestrial mammals, bend during flight and function in controlled deformation. As a first step towards understanding the molecular processes governing deposition of this flexible bone matrix, we provide the first method for isolation and differentiation of cell populations derived from the bone marrow and cortical bone of bats, and compare results with those harvested from C57BL/6J mice. Osteogenic capacity of these cells was assessed via absolute quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and through quantification of in vitro mineral deposition. Results indicate the differentiated bone cells of bats display significantly lower gene expression of known osteogenic markers (Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX2), osteocalcin (BGLAP) and osterix (SP7)), and deposit a less-mineralized matrix compared with murine controls. By characterizing the in vitro performance of osteoprogenitor cells throughout differentiation and matrix production, this study lays the ground work for in vitro manipulations of bat stem and osteoprogenitor cells and extends our understanding of the cellular diversity across mammals that occupy different habitats. •Bat forelimb bones bend extensively during flight in controlled deformation.•Novel method: isolate and differentiate bone cell populations of 2 bat species.•Bat osteoblasts express lower gene transcripts essential for mineral deposition.•Bat osteoblasts secrete a less mineralized ECM relative to C57BL/6J mice.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1873-5061 1876-7753
DOI:	10.1016/j.scr.2016.05.009