Search for carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes along swine food chains in Central Italy

Search for carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes along swine food chains in Central Italy

The presence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes (CRGs) in livestock is increasing. To evaluate the presence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and the main CRGs along swine food chains of the Marche Region (Central Italy), samples of faeces, feed, and a...

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Published in:PloS one Vol. 19; no. 1; p. e0296098
Main Authors: Garofalo, Cristiana, Cesaro, Cristiana, Milanović, Vesna, Belleggia, Luca, Matricardi, Tullia, Osimani, Andrea, Aquilanti, Lucia, Cardinali, Federica, Rampanti, Giorgia, Simoni, Serena, Vignaroli, Carla, Brenciani, Andrea, Pasquini, Marina, Trombetta, Maria Federica
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 05-01-2024
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacterial genetics
Bacterial infections
Beta lactamases
Carbapenemase
Carbapenems
Care and treatment
CRE bacteria
Drug resistance in microorganisms
Ertapenem
Feces
Feeds
Food chains
Food chains (Ecology)
Food contamination & poisoning
Genes
Genomes
Health aspects
Hogs
Imipenem
Laboratories
Liver
Livestock
Meat processing
Microorganisms
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Pork
Pork industry
Safety and security measures
Swine
Tetracycline
Tetracyclines
β Lactamase
Italy
Germany
California
United States > US
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Summary:The presence of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and carbapenem resistance genes (CRGs) in livestock is increasing. To evaluate the presence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and the main CRGs along swine food chains of the Marche Region (Central Italy), samples of faeces, feed, and animal-food derived products were collected from seven small/medium, medium, and large-scale pig farms. A total of 191 samples were analysed using a culture-dependent method, with the aim of isolating CPE. Isolates were analysed for their resistance to carbapenems using a modified Hodge test and the microdilution method for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. Moreover, the extraction of microbial DNA from each sample was performed to directly detect selected CRGs via qPCR. Among the 164 presumptive resistant isolates, only one strain from a liver sample, identified as Aeromonas veronii, had an ertapenem MIC of 256 μg/mL and carried a carbapenemase- (cphA) and a β-lactamase- (blaOXA-12) encoding genes. A low incidence of CRGs was found; only nine and four faecal samples tested positive for blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-48, respectively. Overall, the importance of monitoring CPE and CRGs in livestock and their food chains should be stressed to control all potential non-human CPE and CRGs reservoirs and to determine safety levels for human health.
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ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0296098