The Ethanol Extract of the Inner Bark of Caesalpinia pyramidalis (Tul.) Reduces Urinary Bladder Damage during Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis in Rats

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common side effect of cyclophosphamide therapy, which deserves new therapeutic strategies, such as those based on natural products. The ethanol extract of the inner bark of Caesalpinia pyramidalis (Tul.) (EECp) possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxid...

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Published in:	TheScientificWorld Vol. 2013; no. 2013; pp. 1 - 8
Main Authors:	Camargo, Enilton A., Fakhouri, Ricardo, Estevam, Charles S., Santos, Cliomar A., Santana, Danielle G., Matos, Alexandre S., Pereira, Denyson S., Moraes, Janaína P., Lucca Júnior, Waldecy De
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01-01-2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc Hindawi Limited
Subjects:	Alcohol Alcohol, Denatured Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - administration & dosage Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Antioxidants Bark Beans Bladder Bladder diseases Caesalpinia - chemistry Cyclophosphamide Cystitis Cystitis - chemically induced Cystitis - drug therapy Cystitis - metabolism Cystitis - pathology Development and progression Disease Models, Animal Edema Enzyme Activation - drug effects Ethanol Health aspects Hemorrhage - chemically induced Hemorrhage - drug therapy Hemorrhage - pathology Laboratory animals Legumes Leukocyte Count Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects Lipids Lungs Male Malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde - metabolism Materia medica, Vegetable Metabolites Mimosaceae Natural products Nitric oxide Nitric Oxide - metabolism Nitrogen oxides Oxidative stress Peroxidase - metabolism Plant Bark - chemistry Plant extracts Plant Extracts - administration & dosage Plant Extracts - pharmacology Prevention Rats Rodents Spleen Studies Urinary bladder Urinary Bladder - drug effects Urinary Bladder - metabolism Urinary Bladder - pathology Urogenital system Brazil
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Summary:	Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common side effect of cyclophosphamide therapy, which deserves new therapeutic strategies, such as those based on natural products. The ethanol extract of the inner bark of Caesalpinia pyramidalis (Tul.) (EECp) possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities as previously showed by our group. We have investigated the effect of EECp on the cyclophosphamide-induced HC. Cystitis was induced in male Wistar rats by the injection of cyclophosphamide. These animals were pretreated with EECp (100–400 mg/kg), vehicle, or mesna. Myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde formation were measured in urinary bladder and other tissues. Bladder edema and histopathological alterations and serum nitric oxide metabolites concentration NOx- were also evaluated. Treatment with EECp (100–400 mg/kg) or mesna impaired the increase of myeloperoxidase activity in urinary bladder and the serum NOx- induced by cyclophosphamide but did not reduce edema in this tissue, as did mesna. Total histological score was reduced by EECp (100 mg/kg). Lung myeloperoxidase activity, which was increased by cyclophosphamide, was decreased significantly by EECp (400 mg/kg). EECp also diminished the malondialdehyde formation in bladder, lung, and spleen, although these parameters were not affected by cyclophosphamide. These results indicate that EECp reduced urinary bladder damage during cyclophosphamide-induced HC in rats.
Bibliography:	Academic Editors: F. Manzo and S. Mutalik
ISSN:	2356-6140 1537-744X 1537-744X
DOI:	10.1155/2013/694010