Seasonal Variations of the Amazon River Plume with Focus on the Eastern Sector

Mascarenhas, A.C.C.; Gomes, G.S.; Lima, A.P.Y.; Silva, H.K.N.; Santana, L.S.; Rosário, R.P., and Rollnic, M., 2016. Seasonal variations of the Amazon River plume with focus on the eastern sector. In: Vila-Concejo, A.; Bruce, E.; Kennedy, D.M., and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Inte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of coastal research Vol. 75; no. sp1; pp. 532 - 536
Main Authors:	Mascarenhas, Angela C.C., Gomes, Gabriela S., Lima, Antônia P.Y., da Silva, Heriton K.N., Santana, Leandro S., Rosário, Renan P., Rollnic, Marcelo
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Fort Lauderdale Coastal Education and Research Foundation 01-03-2016 Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Inc Allen Press Inc
Subjects:	Accuracy Amazon Continental Shelf Brackish Cabo Maguari Climate change Coastal environments Coastal water Coastal waters Coasts Continental shelves CONTINENTAL SHELVES AND SLOPES CTD Discharge Estuaries Freshwater High temperature Laboratories Mouth Ocean currents Ocean tides Plumes River discharge River flow River mouth River plumes Rivers Salinity Sea water Seasonal variations Sensors Studies Surface water Temperature Tropical regions Turbidity Water bodies Water shortages Water temperature Amazon River ASW, Atlantic, North Brazil Current Brazil, Amazon R ASW, Brazil, Para Brazil, Para, Marajo I ASW, Brazil, Amazon Estuary
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Summary:	Mascarenhas, A.C.C.; Gomes, G.S.; Lima, A.P.Y.; Silva, H.K.N.; Santana, L.S.; Rosário, R.P., and Rollnic, M., 2016. Seasonal variations of the Amazon River plume with focus on the eastern sector. In: Vila-Concejo, A.; Bruce, E.; Kennedy, D.M., and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. 532–536. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The Amazon Continental Shelf (ACS) is a highly dynamic environment as a result of physical processes (tidal, current and wind) and the large river discharge from Amazon and Pará Rivers. This research aims to determine seasonal variations of the plume of the Amazon River in the eastern sector, near the Pará River mouth. Five oceanographic campaigns were conducted on the ACS: April and October 2013; May, July and October 2014. The sampling line followed the shape of the Cabo Maguari (Marajo Island) to 260 km in the shelf break. Nine vertical profiles of conductivity, temperature and pressure and turbidity were collected. It reaches a perpendicular distance up to 200 km from the coast during period of maximum rivers discharge (April and May). During low river discharge (October 2013 and 2014), the plume was restricted to 30 km and presented relative high levels of salinity (20 PSU). The Coastal Water, characterized by high temperatures and low salinity was limited to about - 15 m deep. The Tropical Surface Water, which is considered a high value of salinity and water temperature, was identified in the last sample point to 260 km from the coast in 2014. This water body characteristics is commonly found in the North Brazil Current, then it can be concluded that water mass invades the Amazon continental shelf. Even in low discharge conditions, adjacent ocean water do not invade the the Amazon River mouth, only the Pará River estuary. Because of that, these estuaries present different physical and biological processes.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0749-0208 1551-5036
DOI:	10.2112/SI75-107.1