Association of Salt Iodization and Urine Iodine Concentration in Schoolchildren from Public Schools in Northeast of Brazil

Association of Salt Iodization and Urine Iodine Concentration in Schoolchildren from Public Schools in Northeast of Brazil

Iodine deficiency (ID) is recognized as a leading risk factor for child development. Universal salt iodization (USI) is an effective and well-established intervention strategy for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). To evaluate the levels of iodine in household salt samples and the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological trace element research Vol. 199; no. 12; pp. 4423 - 4429
Main Authors: de Oliveira Campos, Renata, Lima, Sara Cristina Rebouças, de Souza Braga Filho, Jair, de Jesus, Joice Santos, Anunciação, Sara Moreira, Martins, Gabriela Flor, de Jesus, Lorena Maia, dos Anjos Santana, Aline, de Oliveira Souza, Vanessa Cristina, Júnior, Fernando Barbosa, Ramos, Helton Estrela
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01-12-2021
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Ammonium
Ammonium compounds
Ammonium sulfate
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Evaluation
Iodates
Iodine
Legislation
Life Sciences
Nutrient deficiency
Nutrition
Oncology
Potassium
Public schools
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Salts
Schools
Spectrophotometers
Students
Brazil
Thyroid function tests
Iodine deficiency
Sodium chloride
Dietary
Iodine
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Summary:Iodine deficiency (ID) is recognized as a leading risk factor for child development. Universal salt iodization (USI) is an effective and well-established intervention strategy for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). To evaluate the levels of iodine in household salt samples and the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 years in public schools in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1231 students (6 to 14 years old) from 17 public schools in Bahia. The iodine concentration was evaluated in salt and UIC samples. The adapted Sandell–Kolthoff reaction was used to determine urinary iodine levels. A spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) was used to examine the reduction of ceric ammonium sulfate. A standard iodine solution using a potassium iodate was used to extrapolate the iodine concentrations. The total of 665 salt samples had a median iodine concentration of 24 mg/kg (25th–75th percentile 17.0 to 28.5 mg/kg). The largest proportion (79.6%) of salt samples had iodine concentration in the recommended range, 17.6% of the samples presented iodine at a salt concentration below the established level (<15 mg/kg) and a small proportion was above it (2.8%). The general mean urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) was 217.53 ± 28.30 μg/L and median was 205.50 μg/L. The students evaluated and the salt samples analyzed showed satisfactory results, as recommended by Brazilian legislation and nutritional recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO).
ISSN:0163-4984
1559-0720
DOI:10.1007/s12011-020-02571-4