Endocytic regulation of alkali metal transport proteins in mammals, yeast and plants

The relative concentrations of ions and solutes inside cells are actively maintained by several classes of transport proteins, in many cases against their concentration gradient. These transport processes, which consume a large portion of cellular energy, must be constantly regulated. Many structura...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Current genetics Vol. 59; no. 4; pp. 207 - 230
Main Authors:	Mulet, José Miguel, Llopis-Torregrosa, Vicent, Primo, Cecilia, Marqués, Mª Carmen, Yenush, Lynne
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01-11-2013 Springer Berlin Heidelberg Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Alkali metals Animals Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Cation Transport Proteins - metabolism Cell Biology Endocytosis - physiology energy Environmental changes human diseases ions Life Sciences Mammals Mammals - metabolism Metals, Alkali - metabolism Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology Models, Biological Phosphorylation Plant Sciences Plants - metabolism protein composition Protein Processing, Post-Translational - physiology Proteins Proteomics receptors Research Article Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism signal transduction Signal Transduction - physiology Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers - metabolism Solutes Species Specificity transcription (genetics) Transport processes transport proteins Ubiquitination Yeasts Yeasts - metabolism ESCRT Ion homeostasis Endocytic regulation Ubiquitylation
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Summary:	The relative concentrations of ions and solutes inside cells are actively maintained by several classes of transport proteins, in many cases against their concentration gradient. These transport processes, which consume a large portion of cellular energy, must be constantly regulated. Many structurally distinct families of channels, carriers, and pumps have been characterized in considerable detail during the past decades and defects in the function of some of these proteins have been linked to a growing list of human diseases. The dynamic regulation of the transport proteins present at the cell surface is vital for both normal cellular function and for the successful adaptation to changing environments. The composition of proteins present at the cell surface is controlled on both the transcriptional and post-translational level. Post-translational regulation involves highly conserved mechanisms of phosphorylation- and ubiquitylation-dependent signal transduction routes used to modify the cohort of receptors and transport proteins present under any given circumstances. In this review, we will summarize what is currently known about one facet of this regulatory process: the endocytic regulation of alkali metal transport proteins. The physiological relevance, major contributors, parallels and missing pieces of the puzzle in mammals, yeast and plants will be discussed.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00294-013-0401-2 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0172-8083 1432-0983
DOI:	10.1007/s00294-013-0401-2