Randomized Study of Phentolamine Mesylate for Reversal of Local Anesthesia

Randomized Study of Phentolamine Mesylate for Reversal of Local Anesthesia

Local anesthetic solutions frequently contain vasoconstrictors to increase the depth and/or duration of anesthesia. Generally, the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia exceeds that of pulpal anesthesia. Negative consequences of soft-tissue anesthesia include accidental lip and tongue biting as well as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research Vol. 87; no. 7; pp. 635 - 639
Main Authors: Laviola, M., McGavin, S.K., Freer, G.A., Plancich, G., Woodbury, S.C., Marinkovich, S., Morrison, R., Reader, A., Rutherford, R.B., Yagiela, J.A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States SAGE Publications 01-07-2008
SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists - pharmacology
Adult
Anesthesia, Dental - methods
Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage
Child
Double-Blind Method
Drug Combinations
Drug Interactions
Female
Humans
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Lip - drug effects
Male
Middle Aged
Mouth - drug effects
Phentolamine - pharmacology
Prospective Studies
Recovery of Function - drug effects
Reference Values
Sensation - drug effects
Time Factors
Touch - drug effects
Vasoconstrictor Agents - administration & dosage
reversal
local anesthesia
dentistry
phentolamine
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Summary:Local anesthetic solutions frequently contain vasoconstrictors to increase the depth and/or duration of anesthesia. Generally, the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia exceeds that of pulpal anesthesia. Negative consequences of soft-tissue anesthesia include accidental lip and tongue biting as well as difficulty in eating, drinking, speaking, and smiling. A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, Phase 2 study tested the hypothesis that local injection of the vasodilator phentolamine mesylate would shorten the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia following routine dental procedures. Participants (122) received one or two cartridges of local anesthetic/vasoconstrictor prior to dental treatment. Immediately after treatment, 1.8 mL of study drug (containing 0.4 mg phentolamine mesylate or placebo) was injected per cartridge of local anesthetic used. The phentolamine was well-tolerated and reduced the median duration of soft-tissue anesthesia in the lip from 155 to 70 min (p < 0.0001).
ISSN:0022-0345
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/154405910808700717