Cerebroprotective effect of Eclipta alba against global model of cerebral ischemia induced oxidative stress in rats

Rat Brain infarction after cerebral ischemia by BCCAO after 4h reperfusion. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining has been employed in present study to determine the area of infarction in brain tissue. TTC is a water-soluble dye that is reduced to formazone by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase and...

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Published in:	Phytomedicine (Stuttgart) Vol. 19; no. 12; pp. 1108 - 1116
Main Authors:	Mansoorali, K.P., Prakash, T., Kotresha, D., Prabhu, K., Rama Rao, N.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Germany Elsevier GmbH 15-09-2012 Urban & Fischer Verlag
Subjects:	Animals Antioxidants - metabolism Antioxidants - pharmacology Antioxidants - therapeutic use Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Brain - pathology Brain edema Brain Edema - etiology Brain Edema - prevention & control Brain Ischemia - drug therapy Brain Ischemia - metabolism Care and treatment Cerebral Infarction - etiology Cerebral Infarction - metabolism Cerebral Infarction - prevention & control Cerebral ischemia Compositae Coronary Occlusion Coumestans Disease Models, Animal Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Eclipta Eclipta alba Health aspects HPLC fingerprint Infarct size Male Materia medica, Vegetable Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Phytotherapy Plant extracts Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Quercetin Quercetin - pharmacology Rats Rats, Wistar Reperfusion Injury - metabolism Reperfusion Injury - prevention & control Stroke - complications Stroke - drug therapy Stroke - metabolism Malaysia India Oxidative stress Eclipta alba Quercetin HPLC fingerprint Infarct size Brain edema Coumestans
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Summary:	Rat Brain infarction after cerebral ischemia by BCCAO after 4h reperfusion. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining has been employed in present study to determine the area of infarction in brain tissue. TTC is a water-soluble dye that is reduced to formazone by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase and cofactor NAD, present in mitochondria and stain viable tissue deep red in color. Ischemic tissue with damaged mitochondria remains unstained. Oxidative stress is believed to contribute to neuronal damage induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible cerebroprotective and antioxidant effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Eclipta alba against global cerebral ischemia in the rat. Adult Wistar albino rats were treated with extract of Eclipta alba (250 and 500mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 days. The global cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury was induced by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries (BCCA) for 30min, followed by 4h reperfusion. Quercetin (20mg/kg, i.p.) was used for the reference compound. After that, animals were sacrificed by decapitation, brain was removed, various biochemical estimations, cerebral edema, assessment of cerebral infarct size, and histopathological examinations were carried out. BCCA caused significant depletion in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutahione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione ruductase (GR) and significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain. Pretreatment with hydroalcoholic extract of Eclipta alba significantly reversed the levels of biochemical parameters and significantly reduced the edema and cerebral infarct size as compared to the ischemic control group. Eclipta alba at higher dose markedly reduced ischemia-induced neuronal loss of the brain. Reduction of cerebral edema, an early symptom of ischemia, is one of the most important remedies for reducing subsequent chronic neural damage in stroke. The results of the study show that Eclipta alba pretreatment ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and enhances the antioxidant defense against BCCA occlusion induced I/R in rats; so it exhibits cerebroprotective property. HPLC fingerprint of hydroalcoholic extract of Eclipta alba was performed for conforming the coumestan present in the plant extract.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2012.07.004 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0944-7113 1618-095X
DOI:	10.1016/j.phymed.2012.07.004