Impact of the stool-based Xpert test on childhood tuberculosis diagnosis in selected states in Nigeria

Impact of the stool-based Xpert test on childhood tuberculosis diagnosis in selected states in Nigeria

Background: In Nigeria, most children with tuberculosis (TB) present at primary health clinics where there are limited personnel skilled in collecting appropriate respiratory specimens from those who cannot produce sputum. KNCV Nigeria, in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Program...

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Published in:Tropical medicine and infectious disease Vol. 9; no. 5; pp. 1 - 10
Main Authors: Nwokoye, Nkiru, Odume, Bethrand, Nwadike, Peter, Anaedobe, Ikechukwu, Mangoro, Zirra, Umoren, Michael, Ogbudebe, Chidubem, Chukwuogo, Ogoamaka, Useni, Sani, Nongo, Debby, Eneogu, Rupert, Elom, Emeka, De Haas, Petra, Gidado, Mustapha
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI 01-05-2024
MDPI AG
Subjects:
Awareness
childhood TB
Clinics
Decentralization
Diagnosis
Evaluation
Feces
Health facilities
Laboratories
Medical personnel
stool
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis in children
Xpert MTB/RIF
Nigeria
stool
Xpert MTB/RIF
childhood TB
tuberculosis
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Summary:Background: In Nigeria, most children with tuberculosis (TB) present at primary health clinics where there are limited personnel skilled in collecting appropriate respiratory specimens from those who cannot produce sputum. KNCV Nigeria, in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Program, implemented a modified simple, one-step (SOS), stool-based Xpert MTB/RIF method for diagnosis of TB in children who cannot expectorate sputum. We evaluated the impact of its implementation on childhood TB diagnosis. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted across 14 selected states using secondary data of children presumed to have TB. Stool was collected from children presumed to have TB and processed using Xpert. Result: Out of 52,117 presumptive TB cases, 52% were male and 59.7% were under 5 years old. A total of 2440 (5%) cases were diagnosed with TB, and 2307 (95%) were placed on treatment. Annual TB notifications increased significantly after the introduction of the stool-based Xpert test when compared to those in the pre-implementation period. Increasing contributions from stool testing were observed throughout the implementation period, except in 2020 during the COVID-19 era. Overall, stool Xpert testing improved childhood TB notification in the studied states. Interventions aimed at awareness creation, capacity building, and active case finding improved the performance of the test.
Bibliography:Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol. 9, No. 5, May 2024, 1-10
Informit, Melbourne (Vic)
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ISSN:2414-6366
2414-6366
DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed9050100