Beneficial effects of benzodiazepine on masticatory muscle dysfunction induced by chronic stress and occlusal instability in an experimental animal study

Psychological stress and occlusal alteration are important etiologic factors for temporomandibular/masticatory muscular disorders. In particular, the exact physiologic mechanism underlying the relation by occlusal alteration and temporomandibular disorders remains unclear. Our purpose was to test th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 8787 - 10
Main Authors:	Nascimento, Glauce C., Malzone, Bruno L., Iyomasa, Daniela M., Pereira, Yamba C. L., Issa, João Paulo M., Leite-Panissi, Christie R. A., Watanabe, Ii-Sei, Iyomasa, Mamie M., Fuentes, Ramon, Del Bel, Elaine, Dias, Fernando J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 29-05-2020 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	101/28 13 13/51 14/63 631/477/2811 692/617/375 Animals Anxiety Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines - administration & dosage Benzodiazepines - pharmacology Capillaries Case-Control Studies Corticosterone Diazepam Diazepam - adverse effects Disease Models, Animal Glycolysis Humanities and Social Sciences Instability Laminin Male Mastication Masticatory Muscles - drug effects Masticatory Muscles - physiopathology Metabolism Microscopy, Electron, Transmission Mitochondria multidisciplinary Muscles Plasma levels Rats Rats, Wistar Sarcoplasmic reticulum Science Science (multidisciplinary) Stress Stress, Psychological - chemically induced Stress, Psychological - drug therapy Succinate dehydrogenase Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - drug therapy Temporomandibular Joint Disorders - physiopathology Tooth Extraction Transmission electron microscopy Treatment Outcome
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Summary:	Psychological stress and occlusal alteration are important etiologic factors for temporomandibular/masticatory muscular disorders. In particular, the exact physiologic mechanism underlying the relation by occlusal alteration and temporomandibular disorders remains unclear. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that benzodiazepine therapy is able to prevent metabolic and vascular changes in the medial pterygoid muscle of rats under chronic stress after 14 days of unilateral exodontia. Adult Wistar rats were submitted to unpredictable chronic mild stress (10 days) and/or unilateral exodontia and their plasma and medial pterygoid muscles were removed for analysis. A pre-treatment with diazepam was used to verify its effect on stress. The parameters evaluated included anxiety behavior, plasma levels of corticosterone, metabolic activity by succinate dehydrogenase, capillary density by laminin staining and ultrastructural findings by transmission electron microscopy. Occlusal instability induced anxiety-like behavior on elevated plus-maze test and diazepam administration blocked the appearance of this behavior. Unilateral exodontia promoted in the contralateral muscle an increase of oxidative fibers and capillaries and modification of sarcoplasmic reticulum. Chronic stress caused increased glycolytic metabolism, reduced capillary density and morphological changes in mitochondria on both sides. Association of both factors induced a glycolytic pattern in muscle and hemodynamic changes. Pharmacological manipulation with diazepam inhibited the changes in the medial pterygoid muscle after stress. Our results reveal a preventive benzodiazepine treatment for stress and occlusal instability conditions affecting masticatory muscle disorders. In addition, provide insights into the mechanisms by which chronic stress and exodontia might be involved in the pathophysiology of masticatory muscular dysfunctions.
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-020-65524-w