Appropriate incorporation of susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging into routine imaging protocols for accurate diagnosis of traumatic brain injuries: a systematic review

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from physical or traumatic injuries to the brain's surrounding bony structures and associated tissues, which can lead to various sequelae, including simple concussion, acute epidural hematoma, parenchymal contusions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, diffuse axonal i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of medicine and life Vol. 17; no. 3; pp. 273 - 280
Main Authors:	Jaafari, Osama, Salih, Suliman, Alkatheeri, Ajnas, Alshehri, Muhamed, Al-Shammari, Majedh, Maeni, Mousa, Alqahtani, Abdullah, Alomaim, Wijdan, Hasaneen, Mohamed
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Romania Carol Daila University Foundation 01-03-2024 Carol Davila University Press
Subjects:	Brain Injuries, Traumatic - diagnostic imaging Brain research Chronic traumatic encephalopathy Concussion Contusions Drugs Epidural Hematoma Hemorrhage Humans Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Medical imaging Neuroimaging Patient assessment Review Socioeconomic factors Systematic review Traffic accidents & safety Traumatic brain injury traumatic brain injury magnetic resonance imaging susceptibility-weighted imaging traumatic axonal injury
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Summary:	Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from physical or traumatic injuries to the brain's surrounding bony structures and associated tissues, which can lead to various sequelae, including simple concussion, acute epidural hematoma, parenchymal contusions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has enhanced the accuracy of neuroimaging for these injuries. SWI is based on 3D gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with long echo times and flow compensation. Owing to its sensitivity to deoxyhemoglobin, hemosiderin, iron, and calcium, SWI is extremely informative and superior to conventional MRI for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with acute, subacute, and prolonged hemorrhage. This systematic review aimed to evaluate and summarize the published articles that report SWI results for the evaluation of TBI and to determine correlations between clinical status and SWI results. Consequently, our analysis also aimed to identify the appropriate MRI sequences to use in the assessment of patients with TBI. We searched the Medline and Embase online electronic databases for relevant papers published from 2012 onwards. We found that SWI had higher sensitivity than gradient echo MRI in detecting and characterizing microbleeds in TBIs and was able to differentiate diamagnetic calcifications from paramagnetic microhemorrhages. However, it is important that future research not only continues to evaluate the utility of SWI in TBIs but also attempts to overcome the limitations of the studies described in this review, which should help validate the conclusions and recommendations from our analysis.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	1844-122X 1844-3117 1844-3117
DOI:	10.25122/jml-2023-0487