Colloidal properties and cytotoxicity of enzymatically hydrolyzed cationic starch-graft-poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) latex by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization for paper coating application

Colloidal properties and cytotoxicity of enzymatically hydrolyzed cationic starch-graft-poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) latex by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization for paper coating application

•Stable cationic polymer latexes were successfully obtained by semi-batch emulsion polymerization for paper application.•Starch-graft-polymer films and cationic cassava starch were not cytotoxic towards HaCaT cells until 24 h of incubation.•The polymer films produced with 10 and 20 wt.% of cationic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Progress in organic coatings Vol. 145; p. 105693
Main Authors: Rodrigues, Lina D.A., Hurtado, Carolina R., Macedo, Erenilda F., Tada, Dayane B., Guerrini, Lília M., Oliveira, Maurício P.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01-08-2020
Elsevier BV
Subjects:
Acrylics
Cassava
Cationic cassava starch
Cationic polymerization
Coating
Copolymerization
Copolymers
Cytotoxicity
Emulsion polymerization
Fourier transforms
Graft copolymers
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Latex
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Paper coating
Polymer films
Polymers
Polymethyl methacrylate
Properties (attributes)
Sizing
Sizing agents
Toxicity
Water absorption
Cytotoxicity
Emulsion polymerization
Sizing agents
Latex
Paper coating
Cationic cassava starch
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Summary:•Stable cationic polymer latexes were successfully obtained by semi-batch emulsion polymerization for paper application.•Starch-graft-polymer films and cationic cassava starch were not cytotoxic towards HaCaT cells until 24 h of incubation.•The polymer films produced with 10 and 20 wt.% of cationic cassava starch were cytotoxic after longer incubation times.•Water absorption of polymer films and coated paper showed a direct relationship with respect to CCS content and grafting efficiency. In this work, graft copolymerization of n-butyl acrylate (BA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto enzymatically hydrolyzed cationic cassava starch (CCS) was carried out in a semi-batch emulsion polymerization and the latexes were used as a binder for paper sizing agent. The purpose of this work was to substitute a portion of the BA/MMA by CCS (from 0 to 20 wt.%) in the copolymer and to investigate the consequent effects on the properties of the latex, films and coated paper (e.g., colloidal properties, cytotoxicity and water absorption). Cytotoxicity of polymer films, CCS and α-amylase was evaluated in human keratinocytes cells (HaCaT) for 24 and 96 h. The results show that the grafting efficiency decreased as the concentration of CCS increased. Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses revealed successful grafting copolymerization of BA and MMA onto CCS. Polymer films and CCS solutions were not cytotoxic towards HaCaT cells until 24 h of incubation. Nevertheless, after 96 h of incubation, cell viability was below 70 %, which is an indication that the polymer films with 10 and 20 wt.% of CCS were cytotoxic after longer incubation times. The cell viability was lower as the concentration of CCS in the film increased. Water absorption of polymer films and coated paper showed a direct relationship with respect to both the content of CCS employed and the grafting efficiency. These results demonstrate the utility of enzymatically hydrolyzed cationic starch-graft-polymer as coating binders and as sizing agents for the paper and packing industry.
ISSN:0300-9440
1873-331X
DOI:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.105693