Mouse hepatitis virus infection suppresses modulation of mouse spleen T-cell activation

Natural infection by mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) can affect interpretation of immunological studies in mice. MHV, a collective term describing a group of corona viruses, is found in natural infections in over 70% of laboratory mouse populations in the U.S.A. and Canada. Natural outbreaks of MHV in o...

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Published in:	Immunology Vol. 75; no. 3; pp. 542 - 545
Main Authors:	COOK-MILLS, J. M, MINSHI, H. G, PERLMAN, R. L, CHAMBERS, D. A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Blackwell 01-03-1992
Subjects:	Animals Biological and medical sciences Concanavalin A - immunology DNA - biosynthesis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fundamental immunology Hepatitis, Viral, Animal - immunology Immune Tolerance - immunology Immunobiology Lymphocyte Activation - immunology Male Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Modulation of the immune response (stimulation, suppression) Norepinephrine - immunology Spleen - immunology T-Lymphocytes - immunology Immune response Rodentia Aminoacid derivative hormone Activation Host virus relation Murine hepatitis virus Infection Virus Vertebrata Immunosuppression Coronavirus Mammalia Mouse Animal Viral disease T-Lymphocyte Norepinephrine Coronaviridae Neuroimmunomodulation
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Summary:	Natural infection by mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) can affect interpretation of immunological studies in mice. MHV, a collective term describing a group of corona viruses, is found in natural infections in over 70% of laboratory mouse populations in the U.S.A. and Canada. Natural outbreaks of MHV in our animal colony afforded us the opportunity to study MHV-induced immunosuppression as well as the effects of MHV infection on neurotransmitter immunomodulation. Concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated DNA synthesis by spleen T lymphocytes from MHV-infected mice was 20-50% that of non-infected mice. The MHV infection also altered neurotransmitter modulation of spleen T-lymphocyte activation. In contrast to noradrenaline ablation of Con A-activated DNA synthesis by spleen lymphocytes from non-infected mice, DNA synthesis by the infected group was not inhibited by noradrenaline or dibutyryl-cAMP. These effects of MHV infection were specific for spleen T lymphocytes since MHV infection did not alter Con A stimulation of thymocytes, lipopolysaccharide stimulation of spleen B lymphocytes, or noradrenaline inhibition of thymocyte and B-cell DNA synthesis. MHV infection also did not alter spleen T-lymphocyte subset proportions. Thus, MHV infection inhibits spleen T-lymphocyte activation and blocks in vitro catecholamine and cAMP regulation of spleen T-cell activation but does not affect activation of thymic cells or spleen B cells.
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ISSN:	0019-2805 1365-2567