Proteomic-based biotyping reveals hidden diversity within a microalgae culture collection: An example using Dunaliella

Accurate and defendable taxonomic identification of microalgae strains is vital for culture collections, industry and academia; particularly when addressing issues of intellectual property. We demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 10036
Main Authors:	Emami, Kaveh, Hack, Ethan, Nelson, Andrew, Brain, Chelsea M., Lyne, Fern M., Mesbahi, Ehsan, Day, John G., Caldwell, Gary S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 12-05-2015 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	13 38 38/23 631/61/168 704/158/2464 82 82/58 Age Algae Aquatic microorganisms Biotechnology Biotyping Chlorophyta - classification Chlorophyta - genetics Chlorophyta - metabolism Contamination Culture collections Desorption Growth stage Humanities and Social Sciences Intellectual property Ions Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Microalgae Microalgae - classification Microalgae - genetics Microalgae - metabolism multidisciplinary Nucleotide sequence Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Proteomics Science Spacer Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Taxonomy
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Summary:	Accurate and defendable taxonomic identification of microalgae strains is vital for culture collections, industry and academia; particularly when addressing issues of intellectual property. We demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) biotyping to deliver rapid and accurate strain separation, even in situations where standard molecular tools prove ineffective. Highly distinctive MALDI spectra were obtained for thirty two biotechnologically interesting Dunaliella strains plus strains of Arthrospira , Chlorella , Isochrysis, Tetraselmis and a range of culturable co-occurring bacteria. Spectra were directly compared with genomic DNA sequences (internal transcribed spacer, ITS). Within individual Dunaliella isolates MALDI discriminated between strains with identical ITS sequences, thereby emphasising and enhancing knowledge of the diversity within microalgae culture collections. Further, MALDI spectra did not vary with culture age or growth stage during the course of the experiment; therefore MALDI presents stable and accurate strain-specific signature spectra. Bacterial contamination did not affect MALDI’s discriminating power. Biotyping by MALDI-TOF-MS will prove effective in situations wherein precise strain identification is vital, for example in cases involving intellectual property disputes and in monitoring and safeguarding biosecurity. MALDI should be accepted as a biotyping tool to complement and enhance standard molecular taxonomy for microalgae.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Current address: Enterprise and Growth, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/srep10036