Neural Contributions to the Cochlear Summating Potential: Spiking and Dendritic Components

Using electrocochleography, the summating potential (SP) is a deflection from baseline to tones and an early rise in the response to clicks. Here, we use normal hearing gerbils and gerbils with outer hair cells removed with a combination of furosemide and kanamycin to investigate cellular origins of...

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Published in:	Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology Vol. 23; no. 3; pp. 351 - 363
Main Authors:	Lutz, Brendan T., Hutson, Kendall A., Trecca, Eleonora M. C., Hamby, Meredith, Fitzpatrick, Douglas C.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-06-2022 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Action potential Action Potentials Audiometry, Evoked Response Cochlea Cochlear Microphonic Potentials Cochlear Nerve - physiology Electrocochleography Excitatory postsynaptic potentials Firing pattern Furosemide Hair cells Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner - physiology Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer Kainic acid Kanamycin Medicine Medicine & Public Health Neurobiology Neurosciences Otorhinolaryngology Outer hair cells Polarity Research Article Tetrodotoxin Cochlear implants Cochlear synaptopathy Electrocochleography Auditory evoked response Endolymphatic hydrops
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Summary:	Using electrocochleography, the summating potential (SP) is a deflection from baseline to tones and an early rise in the response to clicks. Here, we use normal hearing gerbils and gerbils with outer hair cells removed with a combination of furosemide and kanamycin to investigate cellular origins of the SP. Round window electrocochleography to tones and clicks was performed before and after application of tetrodotoxin to prevent action potentials, and then again after kainic acid to prevent generation of an EPSP. With appropriate subtractions of the response curves from the different conditions, the contributions to the SP from outer hair cells, inner hair cell, and neural “spiking” and “dendritic” responses were isolated. Like hair cells, the spiking and dendritic components had opposite polarities to tones — the dendritic component had negative polarity and the spiking component had positive polarity. The magnitude of the spiking component was larger than the dendritic across frequencies and intensities. The onset to tones and to clicks followed a similar sequence; the outer hair cells responded first, then inner hair cells, then the dendritic component, and then the compound action potential of the spiking response. These results show the sources of the SP include at least the four components studied, and that these have a mixture of polarities and magnitudes that vary across frequency and intensity. Thus, multiple possible interactions must be considered when interpreting the SP for clinical uses.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1525-3961 1438-7573
DOI:	10.1007/s10162-022-00842-6