Characteristics & outcomes of tribal & non-tribal neonates admitted to a special newborn care unit in rural Gujarat, India
This study aimed to compare the admission characteristics and outcomes of tribal and non-tribal neonates admitted to a level II special newborn care unit (SNCU) in rural Gujarat. This was a retrospective observational study that looked at all neonates admitted to a high-volume SNCU between 2013 and...
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| Published in: | Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994) Vol. 159; no. 1; pp. 71 - 77 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
India
Scientific Scholar
01-01-2024
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | This study aimed to compare the admission characteristics and outcomes of tribal and non-tribal neonates admitted to a level II special newborn care unit (SNCU) in rural Gujarat.
This was a retrospective observational study that looked at all neonates admitted to a high-volume SNCU between 2013 and 2021. A series of quality improvement measures were introduced over the study period. Admission characteristics, such as birth weight, gestational age, gender and outcomes for tribal and non-tribal neonates, were compared.
Six thousand nine hundred and ninety neonates [4829 tribal (69.1%) and 2161 (30.9%) non-tribal] were admitted to the SNCU. Tribal neonates had lower mean birth weight (2047 vs . 2311 g, P <0.01) and gestational week at birth (35.8 vs . 36.7 weeks, P <0.01) compared to non-tribal neonates. Common causes of admissions were neonatal jaundice (1990, 28.4%), low birth weight (1308, 18.7%) and neonatal sepsis (843, 12%). Six hundred and thirty-eight (9.1%) neonates died during the treatment in the SNCU. The odds of death among tribal neonates was similar to non-tribal neonates [adjusted odds ratio: 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89, 1.42)]. The tribal neonates had significantly higher cause-specific case fatality rate from sepsis [relative risk (RR): 2.18 (95% CI: 1.41, 3.37)], prematurity [RR: 1.98 (95% CI: 1.23, 3.17)] and low birth weight [RR: 1.83 (95% CI: 1.17, 2.85)]. The overall case fatality rate in the SNCU decreased from 18.2 per cent during the year 2013-2014 to 2.1 per cent in the year 2020-2021.
There was a reduction in the case fatality rate over the study period. Tribal and non-tribal neonates had similar risk of death. Sepsis prevention and management, mechanical respiratory support and timely referral to a higher centre might help further reduction in mortality for these neonates. |
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| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 |
| ISSN: | 0971-5916 0975-9174 |
| DOI: | 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3633_21 |