Search Results - "Loram, Ian"

Human control of an inverted pendulum: Is continuous control necessary? Is intermittent control effective? Is intermittent control physiological? by Loram, Ian D., Gollee, Henrik, Lakie, Martin, Gawthrop, Peter J.

“…Non‐technical summary Homeostasis, the physiological control of variables such as body position, is founded on negative feedback mechanisms. The default…”
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Intermittent control: a computational theory of human control by Gawthrop, Peter, Loram, Ian, Lakie, Martin, Gollee, Henrik

“…The paradigm of continuous control using internal models has advanced understanding of human motor control. However, this paradigm ignores some aspects of…”
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Estimation of absolute states of human skeletal muscle via standard B-mode ultrasound imaging and deep convolutional neural networks by Cunningham, Ryan J, Loram, Ian D

“…The objective is to test automated estimation of active and passive skeletal muscle states using ultrasonic imaging. Current technology (electromyography,…”
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Is Intermittent Control the Source of the Non-Linear Oscillatory Component (0.2–2Hz) in Human Balance Control? by Loram, Ian D., Gollee, Henrik, van de Kamp, Cornelis, Gawthrop, Peter J.

“…Objective: To explain the 0.2-2Hz oscillation in human balance. Motivation: Oscillation (0.2-2 Hz) in the control signal (ankle moment) is sustained…”
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The proprioceptive and agonist roles of gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior muscles in maintaining human upright posture by Di Giulio, Irene, Maganaris, Constantinos N., Baltzopoulos, Vasilios, Loram, Ian D.

“…Humans can stand using sensory information solely from the ankle muscles. Muscle length and tension in the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) are unlikely…”
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Force accuracy rather than high stiffness is associated with faster learning and reduced falls in human balance by Cherif, Amel, Loram, Ian, Zenzeri, Jacopo

“…Balance requires the centre of mass to be maintained within the base of support. This can be achieved by minimising position sway (stiffness control: SC) or…”
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Real-Time Ultrasound Segmentation, Analysis and Visualisation of Deep Cervical Muscle Structure by Cunningham, Ryan J., Harding, Peter J., Loram, Ian D.

“…Despite widespread availability of ultrasound and a need for personalised muscle diagnosis (neck/back pain-injury, work related disorder, myopathies,…”
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Direct measurement of human ankle stiffness during quiet standing: the intrinsic mechanical stiffness is insufficient for stability by Loram, Ian D., Lakie, Martin

“…During quiet standing the human ‘inverted pendulum’ sways irregularly. In previous work where subjects balanced a real inverted pendulum, we investigated…”
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Visuo‐manual tracking: does intermittent control with aperiodic sampling explain linear power and non‐linear remnant without sensorimotor noise? by Gollee, Henrik, Gawthrop, Peter J., Lakie, Martin, Loram, Ian D.

“…Key points A human controlling an external system is described most easily and conventionally as linearly and continuously translating sensory input to motor…”
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Human postural sway results from frequent, ballistic bias impulses by soleus and gastrocnemius by Loram, Ian D., Maganaris, Constantinos N., Lakie, Martin

“…It has been widely assumed for nearly a century, that postural muscles operate in a spring-like manner and that muscle length signals joint angle (the…”
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Refractoriness in sustained visuo-manual control: is the refractory duration intrinsic or does it depend on external system properties? by van de Kamp, Cornelis, Gawthrop, Peter J, Gollee, Henrik, Loram, Ian D

“…Researchers have previously adopted the double stimulus paradigm to study refractoriness in human neuromotor control. Currently, refractoriness, such as the…”
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Proactive Selective Inhibition Targeted at the Neck Muscles: This Proximal Constraint Facilitates Learning and Regulates Global Control by Loram, Ian D., Bate, Brian, Harding, Pete, Cunningham, Ryan, Loram, Alison

“…While individual muscle function is known, the sensory and motor value of muscles within the whole-body sensorimotor network is complicated. Specifically, the…”
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Foreground Detection Analysis of Ultrasound Image Sequences Identifies Markers of Motor Neurone Disease across Diagnostically Relevant Skeletal Muscles by Bibbings, Kate, Harding, Peter J., Loram, Ian D., Combes, Nicholas, Hodson-Tole, Emma F.

“…Diagnosis of motor neurone disease (MND) includes detection of small, involuntary muscle excitations, termed fasciculations. There is need to improve diagnosis…”
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Ultrasound-Based Detection of Fasciculations in Healthy and Diseased Muscles by Harding, Peter John, Loram, Ian D., Combes, Nicholas, Hodson-Tole, Emma F.

“…Involuntary muscle activations are diagnostic indicators of neurodegenerative pathologies. Currently detected by invasive intramuscular electromyography, these…”
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Human balancing of an inverted pendulum: position control by small, ballistic-like, throw and catch movements by Loram, Ian D., Lakie, Martin

“…In standing, there are small sways of the body. Our interest is to use an artificial task to illuminate the mechanisms underlying the sways and to account for…”
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Postural activation of the human medial gastrocnemius muscle: are the muscle units spatially localised? by Vieira, Taian M. M., Loram, Ian D., Muceli, Silvia, Merletti, Roberto, Farina, Dario

“…Non‐technical summary In the medial gastrocnemius muscle of cats, the longitudinal size (3–4 cm) of the territory of motor units is large (∼60%) relative to…”
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An evaluation of 3D head pose estimation using the Microsoft Kinect v2 by Darby, John, Sánchez, María B, Butler, Penelope B, Loram, Ian D

“…Highlights • We evaluate the Kinect v2 sensor for use in non-invasive head pose estimation. • High definition face tracking is used to extract markerless head…”
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Wavelet-frequency analysis for the detection of discontinuities in switched system models of human balance by Nema, Salam, Kowalczyk, Piotr, Loram, Ian

“…•We provide a methodology for detecting discontinuities in time series data.•We combine the advantages of Wavelet decomposition technique and Normalized…”
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Recruitment of motor units in the medial gastrocnemius muscle during human quiet standing: is recruitment intermittent? What triggers recruitment? by Vieira, Taian M M, Loram, Ian D, Muceli, Silvia, Merletti, Roberto, Farina, Dario

“…The recruitment and the rate of discharge of motor units are determinants of muscle force. Within a motoneuron pool, recruitment and rate coding of individual…”
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Myoelectric activity along human gastrocnemius medialis : Different spatial distributions of postural and electrically elicited surface potentials by Hodson-Tole, Emma F, Loram, Ian D, Vieira, Taian M.M

“…Abstract It has recently been shown that motor units in human medial gastrocnemius (MG), activated during standing, occupy relatively small territories along…”
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