Activation Pathways of Murine Macrophages by Lipophosphoglycan from Strains of Leishmania major (FV1 and LV39)

Activation Pathways of Murine Macrophages by Lipophosphoglycan from Strains of Leishmania major (FV1 and LV39)

Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is an important Leishmania virulence factor. It is the most abundant surface glycoconjugate in promastigotes, playing an important role in the interaction with phagocytic cells. While LPG is known to modulate the macrophage immune response during infection, the activation mec...

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Published in:ACS infectious diseases Vol. 10; no. 10; pp. 3544 - 3552
Main Authors: Mançur Santos, Vanessa, Goicochea, Astrid Madeleine Calero, Soares Neto, Antônio José, Jesus Santos, Flávio Henrique, Lobo da Silva, Jéssica, Araújo-Santos, Théo, Paiva Farias, Leonardo, Brodskyn, Claudia Ida, M. Borges, Valéria, Pedro Soares, Rodrigo, Berlink Lima, Jonilson
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Chemical Society 11-10-2024
Subjects:
inflammatory mediators
macrophage
cytokines
leishmaniasis
Lipophosphoglycan
Leishmania major
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Summary:Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is an important Leishmania virulence factor. It is the most abundant surface glycoconjugate in promastigotes, playing an important role in the interaction with phagocytic cells. While LPG is known to modulate the macrophage immune response during infection, the activation mechanisms triggered by this glycoconjugate have not been fully elucidated. This work investigated the role that LPGs purified from two strains of Leishmania major (FV1 and LV39) play in macrophage activation, considering the differences in their biochemical structures. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from BALB/c mice were stimulated with 10 μg/mL purified LPG from the LV39 and FV1 strains. We then measured the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the activation of MAPK pathways. LPG from the LV39 strain, which has longer poly-galactosylated side chains, induced a more pro-inflammatory profile than that from the FV1 strain. This included higher production of NO, TNF-α, and PGE2, and increased expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Additionally, the phosphorylation of ERK-1/2 and JNK was elevated in macrophages exposed to LPG from the LV39 strain. No difference in IL-10 production was observed in cells stimulated by both LPG. Thus, intraspecific structural differences in LPG contribute to distinct innate immune responses in macrophages.
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ISSN:2373-8227
2373-8227
DOI:10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00295