Evaluation of the mutagenic potential of urban air pollution in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, using the Tradescantia stamen-hair assay

We used a short‐term bioassay—the Tradescantia stamen‐hair assay (TSH)—to evaluate the toxicity of ambient particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm sampled in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Two exposure locations were selected: downtown São Paulo and Caucaia do Alto (mea...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental toxicology Vol. 19; no. 6; pp. 578 - 584
Main Authors:	Guimarães, Eliane T., Macchione, Mariangela, Lobo, Débora J. A., Domingos, Marisa, Saldiva, Paulo H. N.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01-12-2004 Wiley
Subjects:	Air Movements Air Pollutants - toxicity air pollution Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Biological and medical sciences Biological Assay - methods Brazil clone KU-20 DNA Mutational Analysis Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Environmental Exposure Flowers Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects mutagenesis Mutagenicity Tests - methods Seasons stamen-hair assay São Paulo Tradescantia Tradescantia - genetics South America Brazil America Brazil, Caucaia do Alto Brazil, Sao Paulo Hair Monocotyledones Ecotoxicology Tradescantia Urban area clone KU-20 Commelinaceae stamen-hair assay Mutagenesis Angiospermae São Paulo Environment Air pollution Spermatophyta Clone
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	We used a short‐term bioassay—the Tradescantia stamen‐hair assay (TSH)—to evaluate the toxicity of ambient particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm sampled in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Two exposure locations were selected: downtown São Paulo and Caucaia do Alto (mean PM10 levels of 64 and 14 μg/m3, respectively). The experiment was conducted July 11–August 15, 2002, and toxicity was assessed with the Tradescantia stamen‐hair assay (TSH) employing clone KU‐20 of Tradescantia. Four experimental groups were defined: inflorescences collected from plants cultivated in Caucaia, inflorescences collected from plants cultivated in São Paulo (to establish the baseline level of mutations in stamen hairs at both sites), inflorescences collected from plants cultivated in Caucaia and brought to São Paulo and maintained in chambers that received ambient air, and inflorescences collected from plants cultivated in Caucaia and brought to São Paulo and maintained in chambers that received air passed through a particle filter. The frequency of mutations observed in Caucaia was significantly lower than that in the remaining groups. Flower cuttings brought from Caucaia and receiving ambient air of São Paulo showed a rate of mutations similar to that of plants cultivated in São Paulo. Filtering particles from the air reduced the rate of mutation but not sufficiently to reach the level of that in Caucaia. The frequency of mutations observed in São Paulo was significantly associated with PM10 levels on the fifth day before the opening of the flowers (r = 0.47, p = 0.025). Our results indicate that urban particles play a significant role in the development of pollution‐dependent mutations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 19: 578–584, 2004.
Bibliography:	PIE/CNPq ark:/67375/WNG-VMT9J3D2-T istex:08A52F3F497F0323F8FFBC9C5AA058C52B5B621F ArticleID:TOX20065 LIM-HCFMUSP ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1520-4081 1522-7278
DOI:	10.1002/tox.20065