Structural and Functional Brain Imaging in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

The effect of chemotherapy on brain development in long-term survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was systematically reviewed. A systematic search of Pubmed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases was conducted to identify articles published between January 2000 and February 2020 that i...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	JNCI cancer spectrum Vol. 5; no. 5
Main Authors:	Gandy, Kellen, Scoggins, Matthew A, Jacola, Lisa M, Litten, Molly, Reddick, Wilburn E, Krull, Kevin R
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Oxford University Press 01-10-2021
Subjects:	Adolescent Brain - diagnostic imaging Brain - drug effects Cancer Survivors Child Child, Preschool Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Frontal Lobe - diagnostic imaging Frontal Lobe - drug effects Functional Neuroimaging - methods Hippocampus - diagnostic imaging Hippocampus - drug effects Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - drug therapy Systematic Review White Matter - diagnostic imaging White Matter - drug effects White Matter - ultrastructure Young Adult
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	The effect of chemotherapy on brain development in long-term survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was systematically reviewed. A systematic search of Pubmed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases was conducted to identify articles published between January 2000 and February 2020 that implemented magnetic resonance imaging to assess brain structure and function in pediatric ALL survivors (diagnosed younger than 21 years of age). The review included articles that were published on children diagnosed with ALL between 0 and 21 years of age and treated with chemotherapy-only protocols. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria described survivors on average of 5 years or more from diagnosis and were peer-reviewed articles and original studies. The search yielded 1975 articles with 23 articles meeting inclusion criteria. The review revealed that survivors had statistically significant alterations in brain anatomy, most commonly a smaller hippocampus and impaired microstructural white matter integrity in frontal brain regions. Survivors also had impaired brain function including lower brain network efficiency and altered resting state connectivity. Survivors also displayed widespread reductions in brain activation (ie, frontal, temporal, parietal brain regions) during cognitive tasks. Although the neurotoxic effects of cancer treatment are reduced in the absence of cranial radiation, survivors treated on chemotherapy-only protocols still display long-term alterations in brain structure and function, which contribute to lifelong neurocognitive late effects.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	2515-5091 2515-5091
DOI:	10.1093/jncics/pkab069