Spaceflight alters host-gut microbiota interactions

The ISS rodent habitat has provided crucial insights into the impact of spaceflight on mammals, inducing symptoms characteristic of liver disease, insulin resistance, osteopenia, and myopathy. Although these physiological responses can involve the microbiome on Earth, host-microbiota interactions du...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	NPJ biofilms and microbiomes Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 71 - 19
Main Authors:	Gonzalez, E., Lee, M. D., Tierney, B. T., Lipieta, N., Flores, P., Mishra, M., Beckett, L., Finkelstein, A., Mo, A., Walton, P., Karouia, F., Barker, R., Jansen, R. J., Green, S. J., Weging, S., Kelliher, J., Singh, N. K., Bezdan, D., Galazska, J., Brereton, N. J. B.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 29-08-2024 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	631/326/2565 631/326/325 631/326/41/2142 692/698/2741/2135 Animals Antibiotic resistance Astronauts Bacteria - classification Bacteria - genetics Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism Biofilms Biomedical and Life Sciences Cholesterol Colon - microbiology Disease resistance Energy Metabolism Extracellular matrix Fatty acids Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gene expression Glucose Host Microbial Interactions Humans Insulin resistance Intestinal microflora Life Sciences Lipids Liver - microbiology Liver diseases Male Mars Medical Microbiology Metabolism Metagenomics Metagenomics - methods Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Microbial Ecology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology Microbiomes Microbiota Moon Myopathy Osteopenia Space Flight
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Summary:	The ISS rodent habitat has provided crucial insights into the impact of spaceflight on mammals, inducing symptoms characteristic of liver disease, insulin resistance, osteopenia, and myopathy. Although these physiological responses can involve the microbiome on Earth, host-microbiota interactions during spaceflight are still being elucidated. We explore murine gut microbiota and host gene expression in the colon and liver after 29 and 56 days of spaceflight using multiomics. Metagenomics revealed significant changes in 44 microbiome species, including relative reductions in bile acid and butyrate metabolising bacteria like Extibacter muris and Dysosmobacter welbionis . Functional prediction indicate over-representation of fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, extracellular matrix interactions, and antibiotic resistance genes. Host gene expression described corresponding changes to bile acid and energy metabolism, and immune suppression. These changes imply that interactions at the host-gut microbiome interface contribute to spaceflight pathology and that these interactions might critically influence human health and long-duration spaceflight feasibility.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2055-5008 2055-5008
DOI:	10.1038/s41522-024-00545-1