Experimental design of multifactor climate change experiments with elevated CO₂, warming and drought: the CLIMAITE project

1. Recent findings indicate that the interactions among CO₂, temperature and water can be substantial, and that the combined effects on the biological systems of several factors may not be predicted from experiments with one or a few factors. Therefore realistic multifactorial experiments involving...

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Published in:	Functional ecology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 185 - 195
Main Authors:	Mikkelsen, T.N, Beier, C, Jonasson, S, Holmstrup, M, Schmidt, I.K, Ambus, P, Pilegaard, K, Michelsen, A, Albert, K, Andresen, L.C, Arndal, M.F, Bruun, N, Christensen, S, Danbæk, S, Gundersen, P, Jørgensen, P, Linden, L.G, Kongstad, J, Maraldo, K, Priemé, A, Riis-Nielsen, T, Ro-Poulsen, H, Stevnbak, K, Selsted, M.B, Sørensen, P, Larsen, K.S, Carter, M.S, Ibrom, A, Martinussen, T, Miglietta, F, Sverdrup, H
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-02-2008 British Ecological Society Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Science
Subjects:	Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Autoecology Biological and medical sciences Chemical Engineering Climate change Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change Curtains Drought Earth, ocean, space ecosystem manipulation Engineering and Technology Exact sciences and technology External geophysics FACE Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Global warming grassland grasslands heathland heathlands Human ecology Kemiteknik Meteorology Octagons Precipitation Soil heating Teknik Terrestrial ecosystems Wind velocity Grassland Warming Heathland and moor ecosystem manipulation Carbon dioxide Increase Dynamical climatology Climate change Medium enrichment Experimental design Ecosystem Manipulation Drought FACE heathland
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Summary:	1. Recent findings indicate that the interactions among CO₂, temperature and water can be substantial, and that the combined effects on the biological systems of several factors may not be predicted from experiments with one or a few factors. Therefore realistic multifactorial experiments involving a larger set of main factors are needed. 2. We describe a new Danish climate change-related field scale experiment, CLIMAITE, in a heath/grassland ecosystem. CLIMAITE is a full factorial combination of elevated CO₂, elevated temperature and prolonged summer drought. The manipulations are intended to mimic anticipated major environmental changes at the site by year 2075 as closely as possible. The impacts on ecosystem processes and functioning (at ecophysiological levels, through responses by individuals and communities to ecosystem-level responses) are investigated simultaneously. 3. The increase of [CO₂] closely corresponds with the scenarios for year 2075, while the warming treatment is at the lower end of the predictions and seems to be the most difficult treatment to increase without unwanted side effects on the other variables. The drought treatment follows predictions of increased frequency of drought periods in summer. The combination of the treatments does not create new unwanted side effects on the treatments relative to the treatments alone.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01362.x Re‐use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2·5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.
ISSN:	0269-8463 1365-2435 1365-2435
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01362.x