Paraquat exposure-induced Parkinson’s disease-like symptoms and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster: Neuroprotective effect of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy

Extracts from the leaves of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy are used in traditional medicines, but their actions on the central nervous system have not been studied. In the present study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy leaf extract (BG extract) again...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 95; pp. 245 - 251
Main Authors:	Soares, Jefferson J., Rodrigues, Daniela T., Gonçalves, Mayara B., Lemos, Maurício C., Gallarreta, Mariana S., Bianchini, Matheus C., Gayer, Mateus C., Puntel, Robson L., Roehrs, Rafael, Denardin, Elton L.G.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	France Elsevier Masson SAS 01-11-2017
Subjects:	Animals Antioxidants Bougainvillea glabra choisy Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drosophila melanogaster Herbicides - toxicity Male Neuroprotective Agents - isolation & purification Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use Neurotoxicity Nyctaginaceae Oxidative Stress - drug effects Oxidative Stress - physiology Paraquat Paraquat - toxicity Parkinsonian Disorders - chemically induced Parkinsonian Disorders - metabolism Parkinsonian Disorders - prevention & control Parkinson’s disease like Plant Extracts - isolation & purification Plant Extracts - pharmacology Plant Extracts - therapeutic use Plant Leaves Treatment Outcome AchE PQ RT BG extract OS TPC DA neurons TBARS Bougainvillea glabra choisy DAMB TFC Antioxidants Neurotoxicity Parkinson’s disease like PD DAT ROS Paraquat Drosophila melanogaster
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Summary:	Extracts from the leaves of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy are used in traditional medicines, but their actions on the central nervous system have not been studied. In the present study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of Bougainvillea glabra Choisy leaf extract (BG extract) against paraquat (PQ)-induced neurotoxicity. Male adult wild-type flies (1- 4days old) were exposed to PQ (3.5mM) and/or BG extract (120μg/mL) through food for 4days. PQ-fed flies had decreased locomotor capacity in negative geotaxis and crossing number assays and had a higher incidence of mortality than the control group. PQ neurotoxicity was also associated with a marked decrease in dopamine levels and increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation. Co-exposure to BG extract prevented mortality, and dopamine depletion, improved locomotor performance and decreased AChE activity, ROS production and lipid peroxidation. GC–MS and HPLC analyses of BG extract revealed the presence of many antioxidant compounds such as phytol, α,γ-tocopherol, squalene, stigmasterol, geranylgeraniol, quercetin, and caffeic, vanillic, coumaric, ferulic acids. Our results showed neuroprotective effects of BG extract, reflecting the presence of antioxidant compounds. Thus, we suggested that B. glabra leaves could be considered an effective agent in the prevention of neurological disorders, where dopamine depletion and/or oxidative stress are involved, as in Parkinson’s disease (PD).
ISSN:	0753-3322 1950-6007
DOI:	10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.073