Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Bacteria are key contributors to microalgae resource acquisition, competitive performance, and functional diversity, but their potential metabolic interactions with coral microalgal endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that altering the bacterial composition of...

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Published in:Nature communications Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 6864
Main Authors: Matthews, Jennifer L., Khalil, Abeeha, Siboni, Nachshon, Bougoure, Jeremy, Guagliardo, Paul, Kuzhiumparambil, Unnikrishnan, DeMaere, Matthew, Le Reun, Nine M., Seymour, Justin R., Suggett, David J., Raina, Jean-Baptiste
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 27-10-2023
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
13/31
14
14/63
45
45/23
49
631/326/2565/547
631/45/320
704/829/826
Acetic acid
Algae
Aquatic microorganisms
Bacteria
Coral reefs
Corals
Endosymbionts
Humanities and Social Sciences
Indoleacetic acid
Labrenzia
Marinobacter
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microalgae
Microorganisms
Monosaccharides
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stable isotopes
Symbiodiniaceae
Symbionts
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Summary:Bacteria are key contributors to microalgae resource acquisition, competitive performance, and functional diversity, but their potential metabolic interactions with coral microalgal endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that altering the bacterial composition of two widespread Symbiodiniaceae species, during their free-living stage, results in a significant shift in their cellular metabolism. Indeed, the abundance of monosaccharides and the key phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were correlated with the presence of specific bacteria, including members of the Labrenzia ( Roseibium ) and Marinobacter genera. Single-cell stable isotope tracking revealed that these two bacterial genera are involved in reciprocal exchanges of carbon and nitrogen with Symbiodiniaceae. We identified the provision of IAA by Labrenzia and Marinobacter , and this metabolite caused a significant growth enhancement of Symbiodiniaceae. By unravelling these interkingdom interactions, our work demonstrates how specific bacterial associates fundamentally govern Symbiodiniaceae fitness. A new study reveals that bacterial partners supply essential metabolites to the vital microalgal symbionts of corals, including metabolites that boost symbiont growth. This breakthrough increases our understanding of coral microbial ecology and also opens the door to innovative ways of protecting coral reefs.
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ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-023-42663-y