Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet

Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet

Through diet, people are exposed simultaneously to a variety of contaminants (e.g. heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides) that could have combined adverse effects on human health. A previous study identified six main mixtures of food contaminants to which French adult consumers are exposed. These com...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis Vol. 59; no. 8; pp. 742 - 754
Main Authors: Kopp, B., Vignard, J., Mirey, G., Fessard, V., Zalko, D., Le Hgarat, L., Audebert, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-10-2018
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Wiley-Blackwell
Subjects:
Assaying
Cell lines
Chemicals
Colonies
Contaminants
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diet
DNA
DNA damage
Food
food contaminants
Food contamination
Genotoxicity
H2AX
Hazard assessment
Heavy metals
Life Sciences
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Mixture
Mutagenicity
Mycotoxins
Organic chemistry
Pesticides
PIG‐A
Toxicology
H2AX
genotoxicity
food contaminants
PIG-A
Mixture
toxicity
toxicology
risk assessment
analyse des risques
toxicologie
food safety
toxicité
contaminant
génotoxicité
sécurité des aliments
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Summary:Through diet, people are exposed simultaneously to a variety of contaminants (e.g. heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides) that could have combined adverse effects on human health. A previous study identified six main mixtures of food contaminants to which French adult consumers are exposed. These complex mixtures are comprised of 11 to 19 chemicals that have numerous toxic properties. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic effects of these food contaminants, as single molecules and in mixtures that reflect their occurrence in the French diet, using the γH2AX assay in two human cell lines (HepG2, LS‐174 T). Results of detailed analysis of the 49 individual contaminants (including 21 tested in this study) demonstrated a positive genotoxic response to 14 contaminants in HepG2 and 12 in LS‐174 T cells. Next, our results indicated that two mixtures out of six triggered significant γH2AX induction after 24 hr of treatment, at concentrations for which individual compounds did not induce any DNA damage, suggesting more than additive interactions between chemicals. γH2AX positive mixtures were then tested for mutagenicity with the innovative in vitro PIG‐A assay in HepG2 cells coupled with the soft agar colony formation assay. The two γH2AX positive mixtures led to a significant increase in the frequency of PIG‐A GPI‐deficient cells and in the number of colonies formed in soft agar. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that two mixtures of contaminants present in the French diet induce genotoxicity and mutagenicity, and that the combined effects of single molecules present in these mixtures are likely not additive, highlighting potential problems for hazard assessment of mixtures. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:742–754, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN:0893-6692
1098-2280
DOI:10.1002/em.22214