Impact of menstruation on select hematology and clinical chemistry variables in cynomolgus macaques

Impact of menstruation on select hematology and clinical chemistry variables in cynomolgus macaques

Background In preclinical studies with cynomolgus macaques, it is common to have one or more females presenting with menses. Published literature indicates that the blood lost during menses causes decreases in red blood cell mass variables (RBC, HGB, and HCT), which would be a confounding factor in...

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Published in:Veterinary clinical pathology Vol. 45; no. 2; pp. 232 - 243
Main Authors: Perigard, Christopher J., Parrula, M. Cecilia M., Larkin, Matthew H., Gleason, Carol R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-06-2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:
Animals
Bleeding
Blood
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical - veterinary
Female
Hematologic Tests - veterinary
Hematology
Macaca fascicularis
Menstruation
nonhuman primates
preclinical
red blood cell mass
Reference Values
Reproducibility of Results
total protein
red blood cell mass
nonhuman primates
total protein
preclinical
Bleeding
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Summary:Background In preclinical studies with cynomolgus macaques, it is common to have one or more females presenting with menses. Published literature indicates that the blood lost during menses causes decreases in red blood cell mass variables (RBC, HGB, and HCT), which would be a confounding factor in the interpretation of drug‐related effects on clinical pathology data, but no scientific data have been published to support this claim. Objectives This investigation was conducted to determine if the amount of blood lost during menses in cynomolgus macaques has an effect on routine hematology and serum chemistry variables. Methods Ten female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), 5 to 6.5 years old, were observed daily during approximately 3 months (97 days) for the presence of menses. Hematology and serum chemistry variables were evaluated twice weekly. Results The results indicated that menstruation affects the erythrogram including RBC, HGB, HCT, MCHC, MCV, reticulocyte count, RDW, the leukogram including neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts, and chemistry variables, including GGT activity, and the concentrations of total proteins, albumin, globulins, and calcium. The magnitude of the effect of menstruation on susceptible variables is dependent on the duration of the menstrual phase. Macaques with menstrual phases lasting ≥ 7 days are more likely to develop changes in variables related to chronic blood loss. Conclusions In preclinical toxicology studies with cynomolgus macaques, interpretation of changes in several commonly evaluated hematology and serum chemistry variables requires adequate clinical observation and documentation concerning presence and duration of menses. There is a concern that macaques with long menstrual cycles can develop iron deficiency anemia due to chronic menstrual blood loss.
Bibliography:istex:09F6C62FEBCF89E2B9F491A47F8D9228E1AD226A
ArticleID:VCP12350
ark:/67375/WNG-P7CWXG5N-T
ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:0275-6382
1939-165X
DOI:10.1111/vcp.12350