Opioid-Sparing Anesthesia: Gabapentin and Postoperative Pain

Nonopioid analgesics are commonly used to augment or replace opioids in the perioperative setting. Perianesthesia nurses must consider timing and appropriateness when administering these medications to patients in the preoperative area or the postanesthesia care unit, particularly when other medicat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of perianesthesia nursing Vol. 37; no. 6; pp. 966 - 970
Main Authors:	Ladich, Elaine M., Zhou, Kelly Q., Spence, Dennis L., Moore, Chad B.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01-12-2022
Subjects:	Analgesics - therapeutic use Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use Anesthesia gabapentin Gabapentin - therapeutic use Humans opioid-sparing technique Pain, Postoperative - drug therapy perianesthesia nursing postoperative pain perianesthesia nursing gabapentin opioid-sparing technique postoperative pain
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Summary:	Nonopioid analgesics are commonly used to augment or replace opioids in the perioperative setting. Perianesthesia nurses must consider timing and appropriateness when administering these medications to patients in the preoperative area or the postanesthesia care unit, particularly when other medications with sedative effects are being given. Gabapentin, originally proposed as an anticonvulsant medication, promotes analgesia and reduces risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting. This review examines the effect of gabapentin on postoperative pain. A systematic review. CINAHL, PubMed, and Cochrane Review databases were searched to find a total of 93 sources that examined gabapentin and postoperative pain. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, four randomized controlled trials (RCT) were reviewed. Postoperative pain within the 24 hours of surgery was measured as the primary outcome using the visual analog scale in all sources Three of the four reviewed RCTs determined gabapentin was both statistically and clinically significant in reducing postoperative pain, and all four sources showed a reduction in opioid consumption during the immediate postoperative period, which promoted patient satisfaction. Further study of gabapentin and postoperative pain is needed employing rigorous and robust methodology and diversity of the sample selections.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 ObjectType-Undefined-4
ISSN:	1089-9472 1532-8473
DOI:	10.1016/j.jopan.2022.04.008