The Loxtox protein family in Loxosceles intermedia (Mello-Leitão) venom

We isolated cDNA sequences coding for dermonecrotic/sphingomyelinases factor proteins from the brown spider Loxosceles intermedia, here named Loxtox proteins. The amino acid sequences based on cloned cDNA of several Loxtox proteins revealed at least six distinct groups of proteins expressed in the v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Toxicon (Oxford) Vol. 50; no. 7; pp. 938 - 946
Main Authors:	Kalapothakis, E., Chatzaki, M., Gonçalves-Dornelas, H., de Castro, C.S., Silvestre, F.G., Laborne, F.V., de Moura, J.F., Veiga, S.S., Chávez-Olórtegui, C., Granier, C., Barbaro, K.C.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2007 Elsevier Science
Subjects:	Amino Acid Sequence Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms Animals Araneae Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Cloning, Molecular Dermonecrotic protein DNA, Complementary - genetics Gene Expression Regulation LiD1 Loxosceles intermedia Loxtox Medical sciences Molecular Sequence Data Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - chemistry Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - metabolism Phylogeny RNA, Messenger - genetics Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase - genetics Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase - metabolism Sphingomyelinase Spider Venoms - chemistry Spider Venoms - metabolism Spiders - metabolism Toxicology Venom L. intermedia Dermonecrotic protein SMase D Loxtox LiD1 bp L. similis L. gaucho Loxosceles intermedia Venom pI Sphingomyelinase Da Skin disease Toxicity Animal origin Araneida Protein Necrosis Arachnida Arthropoda Invertebrata
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Summary:	We isolated cDNA sequences coding for dermonecrotic/sphingomyelinases factor proteins from the brown spider Loxosceles intermedia, here named Loxtox proteins. The amino acid sequences based on cloned cDNA of several Loxtox proteins revealed at least six distinct groups of proteins expressed in the venom gland. The level of similarity among the toxins varied from 99% to 55%. The finding of several isoforms of Loxtox in the venom of this spider may reflect an evolutionary adaptation for different prey types and reinforces the idea of an efficient mutational mechanism in the venom gland of spiders.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0041-0101 1879-3150
DOI:	10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.07.001